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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Descriptive Stats
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Describe characteristics of a sample (experiments)
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Inferential Stats
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no EXPERIMENTS
use sample characteristics to make inferences about a sample. (like random sampling. |
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Random Sampling
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increases chances of obtaining a representative sample.
more confident about generalizing results. |
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Research hypothesis
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states a general relationship that we expect to find.
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Statistical hypothesis
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NUMBERS States the possible outcomes of a research study in terms of obtained numerial results.
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Null Hypothesis
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NO DIFFERENCE between conditions
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Alternative Hypothesis
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Some difference between conditions
Closely related to research hypothesis |
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Mutually exclusive
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one or another not both
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null -chance
Alternative-munipulation |
la la
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Type I
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Alpha, Significance level, P Value
Gulliablilty |
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Type II
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Blindness, Beta
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Variablity
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No variablity-
Small variability-small difference High Variablity-big differences High Variablity worries good researchers. |
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Scientists are more likely to make a type II then Type I
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YES!
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Reject
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Would see differences in population-conditions are real.
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Accept
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would not see differences in population.......due to chance alone.
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Only reject the null if...
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if there is a less then a .05 percent chacne that the results they obtained occurred by chance alone.
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Concequences of error type
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determine where to set ALPHA.
obtained p values between .06 to .10 |
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Reasearch Hypothesis uses ...
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Graphs
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Inferential STATS
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Indicate probablity of making a type I error.
poor at indicating probablity of type II error |
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Diviation
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68 percent is 1 standard diviation away
96 of pop is two standard deviation away |
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Tails
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Left -type II
right -type I |
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Power
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1-B
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3 ways to increase stastical power
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Change Alpha to .10
Variablity(best way) reduce variablity among scores Increase sample size |
