Psy 474

Front 1

challenges of treatment efficacy

Back 1

Need large number of families/children (hard for rare disorders)
Need willing parents for child to be randomized in "controlled" group
Need to define 'outcome' measures (reduction in symptoms? improvement in peer relations? reduction in parental stress?)Who reports outcome?

Front 2

Internalizing vs. externalizing

Back 2

Internalizing-child self report
Externalizing-wiegh parent and teacher more heavily

Front 3

Effect size of therapeutic effectiveness by outcome source

Back 3

Therapy outcome depends on who you ask
Internalizing=peer sees much improvement, teacher doesnt
Externalizing=parent says works best, easy to observe change

Front 4

Lab vs. real life settings

Back 4

Better outcome for lab studies than real life settings
Researchers=more careful, want to make sure theyre doing it right
Clinicians=hit or miss, may not be trained well

Front 5

Specific processes?

Back 5

identify specific processes in therapy that lead to improvement
Beh therapies: msut be empirically supported
Non-beh therapies: more of a feeling, relationships; hard to quantify/measure
...more beh. studies

Front 6

standards for treatment studies

Back 6

Allow replication
defined population with clear selection criteria; treatment manual
Control group: no treatment, waitlist, placebo, etc
Random assignment
Appropriate outcome measures

Front 7

"ranking" of treatments

Back 7

Possibly efficacious= at least 1 well done study
Efficacious=at least 2 well done studies
Efficacious and specific= at least 2 well done studies and better than another treatment

Front 8

Psychoanalytic and Object Relations

Back 8

Individual play therapy: children communicate thru play, not words; displace feelings onto something else
Use play as "talk" in non-threatening manner thru transference and interpretations

Front 9

Mechanism of change + Psychoanalytic and OR

Back 9

Pscyhoanalytic approach: thru insight or conscious understanding; get better once understand own feelings

Object relations therapy: thru the therapeutic relationship; insight unnecessary. Healing nature of relationship

Front 10

Humanistic Approach

Back 10

Assumes child is expert on child, already knows how to solve own problems
Therapist never provides interpretations

Front 11

Mechanism of change + Humanistic approach

Back 11

Thru provision of unconditional positive regard so child is free to decide for self
Praise, positive reinforcement to create nurturing enviornment for child to express self