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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nature of anxiety
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Fear=natural to healthy dev't
Anxiety disorders-failure to self-calm intensity=out of proportion maladaptiveness=cannot explore persistence=beyond their control Characteristics: internalizing, prevalence is 10-17%, more girls; high comorbid |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorders
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Worry (competence, perfectionism, safety)
Physical symptoms (muscle tension, nausea/diarrhea, hypervigilance, shaking) Prevalence=2-19%, more girls Most comorbid of anxiety disorders (specific phobias, depression) Chronic (do all the time) |
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GAD Treatment
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Kendall's coping cat: 1)recognize physical cues (when draw attention to it, can control it) 2)identify catastrophic thoughts, think if realistic 3)cognitive restructuring |
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Phobias
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Marked/persistent fear that is excessive/unreasonable of specific object or situation
Prevalance: 2-9% of children |
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School Phobia?
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Needs to be distinguished from school refusal or separation anxiety
Intense anxiety panic and inability to attend |
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Phobia Treatment
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Easist to treat
Exposure 1.Systematic desensitization: establish steps of heirarchy and work thru each step 2.Flooding: throw into highest hierarchy of fear Cognitive Restructuring- cognitive thoughts |
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Social Anxiety Disorder
(Social Phobia) |
Marked/persistent fear of social/ performance situations
Fear of humiliation, visible anxiety Rapid heart rate, crying, tantrums, freezing Cycle:social avoidance-> awkwardness->confirms negative view of self-> further avoidance |
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Social Anxiety Disorder Characteristics
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Prevalance: 1-2%, no gender diff
(social situations=universal) Highly comorbid (depression) Treatment: CBT: exposure + social skills training; Parental involvement (esp important when have anxious parent as model) Address cognitive behaviors, help feel more confident in social situations |
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Separation Anxiety Disorders
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Developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety over separation from caregive
Prevalence: 2-12%; higher rates w/ anxious mothers Treatment: CBT, Kendalls coping cat |
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Intrusive ideas (obsessions) and repetitive behavior (compulsions)
Just-right phenomenon: feelings of disgust, vague snese that something is just not right. Prevalence: 1-3% |
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OCD Treatment
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Pharmacotherapy- SSRI's most effective
CBT- psychoed. (frame problem-> cognitive strategies for bouncing back-> identify situations where child can win-> exposure w/ response prevention |
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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
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=after experiencing traumatic event, reaction is intense fear, hopelessness, horror
Symptom clusters: Re-experience(distressing recollectins) Avoidance (associated stimuli) Numbing (no excitement in things that used to be fun) Arousal (sleep disturbance, irritability, difficulty concentrating, exagerated response) Protective factors: resiliency, good support system over 6 months |
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PTSD Vulnerabilities
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-previous trauma
-difficult temperament -poor emotional adjustment -sense of shame |
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PTSD Treatment
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Crisis Intervention: reach kids early to prevent psychopathology
CBT: help normalize reactions, exposure by retelling story |
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Developmental pathway to anxiety disorders
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1.Predisposing factors
2.Pathways to Onset of Anxiety disorders (Cumlative risk pathway and precipitating event pathway) 3.Factors maintaining intensifying anxiety 4.factors contributing to persistence |
