Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is behavioral estrus?
|
The period of reproductive cycle when a female will mate.
|
|
|
|
Do humans, in particular females, display behavioral estrus?
|
No. Humans, to be exact, females, have what is often referred to as concealed ovulation, meaning that not only is it not visible, but the female herself is NOT usually aware of exactly when she ovulates.
|
|
|
|
How is vaginal cytology done on humans? Using what to get the sample?
|
PAP smear. page 278 in textbook.
|
|
|
|
Mechanisms behind menses cycle.(brief)
|
Egg not fertilized>> corpus luteum breaks>> progesterone drops>> menses cycle.
|
|
|
|
Which hormone is an important component in INITIATING sexual behavior in female rats?
|
progesterone.
|
|
|
|
What is the correlation between levels of progesterone and sexual behavior in females?
|
Negative correlation. As progesterone levels in females increases, the body "think" it's pregnant, sexual behavior decreases.
|
|
|
|
____________ of females is needed for almost all species to be involved in sexual behavior.
|
(fill in the blank) Lordosis.
|
|
|
|
To what extent (in percentage) does estrogen stimulate reproductive behavior in all animals?
|
Only 60%. 40% did not respond to estrogen alone.
|
|
|
|
What are the 3 components of female sexual behavior?
|
1. Attractivity
2. Proceptivity 3. Receptivity. page 289 in textbook. |
|
|
|
Hormone which mediates 3 components of female sexual behavior(attractivity, proceptivity, receptivity)
|
Estrogen.
|
|
|
|
Female reproductive cycles have been categorized into 3 basic types. Which type is humans and other primates classified under?
|
Type 1 cycles. In type 1 cycles, ovulation and pseudopregnancy are spontaneous.
|
|
|
|
What hormone is responsible for the body to act and react like it is pregnant. In this case, which is known as pseudopregnancy.
|
progesterone. (in high levels)
|
|
|
|
What is the basis for Bruce effect?
|
the ability of strange male to interrupt pregnancy and cause a return to estrus.
|
|
|
|
Lee-Boot effect
|
the interruption of regular estrous cycles in mice by prolonged diestrous periods when females are housed in groups.
|
|
|
|
Whitten effect
|
involves two different effects of conspecific females on one another: estrus induction and synchronization, and suppression of estrus.
|
|
|
|
Vandenbergh effect
|
the retardation of first estrus in female mice housed in the presence of adult females and the acceleration of first estrus in female mice housed with adult males.
|
|
|
|
What is the influence of ovariectomy on luteinizing hormone (LH)?
|
Ovariectomy is the removal of ovaries. So, when there is no negative feedback, then the LH will surge.
|
|
|
|
What will estrogen do to LH levels in the females?
|
When females are given estrogen, the LH levels will decrease/come back down.
|
|
|
|
Humans use estrogen OR estradiol?
|
Estrogen.
|
|
|
|
What is the MAIN hormone responsible for female sexual behavior?
|
Testosterone.
|
This hormone concentration was found to be correlared with sexual desire and anticipation of sexual acrivity(Rhesus monkey).
|
|
|
Can testosterone be turned into estrogen? By what?
|
Definitely! By aromatase.
|
|
|
|
What is the most effective treatment for restoring sexual desire in post menopausal women?
|
Androgens.
|
|
|
|
No lordosis = no reproduction? True or false.
|
True.
|
|
|
|
Lesions to the _______________ REDUCED lordosis behavior.
|
Ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN).
|
|
|
|
Brain region in females in pain relief during sex.
|
Midbrain central gray.
|
|
|
|
Combination of which 2 hormones will reinstate estrus behavior in females?
|
Estrogen and progesterone.
|
|
|
|
State the relationship between norepinephrine and lordosis in rats.
|
Blocking norepinephrine will block lordosis behavior.
|
|
|
|
Better BONDING between rat partners are due to high levels of which hormone?
|
Oxytocin.
|
|
|
|
What does GABA do to the body?
|
GABA is a neurotransmitter that blocks impulses between nerve cells in the brain. Basically, it acts as a depressant.
|
|
|
|
______________(hormone) promotes estrogen and progesterone receptor formation in the VMN, stimulating RNA transcription, protein synthesis, electrophysiological changes in neurons, and delivery of peptides to the midbrain central gray region.
|
Estrogen.
|
|
