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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bell-Magendie Law (essay)
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Dorsal = Sensory nerves.
Ventral = Motor nerves. Sensory nerves carry impulses from the sense receptors to the brain, and motor nerve carry impulses from the brain to the muscles and glands |
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Herman von Helmhotlz (essay)
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Trichromatic theory of color vision. Accurately measured the rate of nerve conduction. Materialist-life could be explained in terms of physical & chemical processes. Top-down processing- brain uses previous experience to make new ideas.
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phrenology
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"bumps on the head" tell personality-Gall
"Mental Muscle"-practicing could make the facilities associated with a particular discipline stronger. |
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Ladd-Franklin color vision theory
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Theory of color vision that was based on evolutionary theory and evolution of the physiology of the system. Concluded that achromatic vision came first, then blue-yellow sensitivity, and finally red-green sensitivity.
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Pierre Flourens
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Used the ablation method (destroying part of the brain and noting behavioral consequences) and investigated localization of function in the brain. Findings were contrary to the phrenologists
Observed that in some cases the function that was lost to an ablation was regained later. |
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Ewald Hering
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Suggested that receptors in the eye provide information regarding depth & receptors in the eye which respond in an opponent process manner, red- green, blue-yellow, and black-white (opponent process theory)
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Paul Broca
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Broca's aphasia- trouble producing language (ex. "Tan") Used craniometry to determine the relationship between brain size and intelligence.
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Carl Wernicke
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Localized language and communications functions in the brain. Wernicke's aphasia- "world salad", can't understand language
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Fritch and Hitzig
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Found contralateral connection (battlefield surgeons) and extended the bell-magendie law to the brain.
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JND (Just Noticeable Difference)
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THE LEAST AMOUNT OF CHANGE NECESSARY TO NOTICE A DIFFERENCE ALONG A PARTICULAR DIMENSION BETWEEN TWO STIMULI.
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Ernst Weber
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Investigated the sense of touch and mapped out the sensitivity of touch for the entire body using the two-point threshold. Work in kinesthesis led to the determination of the JUST NOTICEABLE DIFFERENCE (JND)
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Gustav Fechner
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ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD which is the lowest intensity at which a stimulus can be detected.
Speculated that for mental sensations to change arithmetically, the physical stimulus must change geometrically. |
