Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is socialization?
|
socialization is the process by which a person learns to conform to the currently accepted norms and values of a society
|
|
|
What is the unidirectional model of parenting?
|
The unidirectional model of parenting is the model that expresses that parents are only influences to their children; the children are active learners.
|
|
|
What is the family systems theory?
|
the idea that the family functions like other systems in nature, such as the solar system.
|
|
|
What does it mean to say that parenthood is a developmental role?
|
Parenting behavior and interactions adapt to developmental changes in children.
|
|
|
What is the environmentalist position?
|
The position that John Locke took in relation to the child, saying that a child is a blank slate at birth and he/she is only affected by his environment.
|
|
|
What is maturationism?
|
Rousseau believed that children best develop outside the influence of parents and teachers; the natural, innate development is the best way forward.
|
|
|
Who is Galinsky?
|
He developed six stages of parental evolution, as parents change in response to developmental changes in their children.
|
|
|
What is reciprocal interaction?
|
The idea that parents change in reponse to their interactions with their children.
|
|
|
What are the six stages of parental evolution?
|
Galinksy;
image-making stage, nurturing stage, authortative stage, interpretative stage, independant stage and departure stage |
|
|
What is the difference between assertive and supportive care?
|
Assertive care means that a parent recognizes and responds to behavioral cues of a child; supportive care is offering to help, but the children don't necessarily have to accept it.
|
|
|
What are the primary parenting functions?
|
To provide structure and nurturance for the child.
|
|
|
Name some of the factors that combine together to influence parenting style.
|
cultural influences; disciplinary approach; parents of origin; how parents think they should behave; children's influences on parents; primary functions of parents: nuture and structure; developmental time of parent and child and their adaptatation; family ecological factors (environment).
|
|
|
What is social competance?
|
the overall group of attributes that are believed to allow a person to meet his or her full potential.
|
|
|
What does it mean to have a family of choice?
|
A family of choice is a network of significant others and friends who provide emotional and social support.
|
|
|
Name some features of contemporary families.
|
marriage (people marrying later and less often); births (2.1); divorce (lost much of its social stigma); remarriage (men more likely to remarry); family income (has risen overall because of dual earners); poverty and homelessnes (both have been feminized).
|
|
|
What is another term to describe stepfamilies?
|
Blended famliies.
|
|
|
What are the norms of families?
|
diversity and structure
|
|
|
What is hierarchial parenting?
|
an authoriatarian form of parenting in which collective values are emphasized; personal relaitonsihp, respect and responsibility are all valued.
|
|
|
What is the Confucian training doctrine?
|
emphasizes blending nurturance with parental invovlement and physical closeness with strict control over kids.
|
|
|
What is contextual communication?
|
refers to where and under what circumstances the verbal and nonverbal communications occur.
|
|
|
What is the zone of proximal development?
|
Vygotsky's idea that taskes that are too difficult for a child to complete can be done with guidence from adults who are more skilled.
|
|
|
What is private speech?
|
Adults talk to themselves outloud when they interact with a child; young children use this as self-guidence as it is internalized later on.
|
|
|
What is scaffolding?
|
Any parental behavior that supports children's efforts are more advanced skill development until children become competent.
|
|
|
What are the meanings of the parenthood role according to JE Veevers?
|
morality, responsibility, sex, marriage, naturalness, normality and mental health
|
|
|
What did EE LeMasters think of parenthood?
|
He believed that the move to parenthood was a crisis in a couple's marriage.
|
|
|
Who confirmed LeMasters' ideas?
|
Everett Dyer
|
|
|
What are assisted reproductive technologies?
|
artificial insemination: sperm injected into woman's cervix; in vitro fertilization: fertility drugs stimulate over production of eggs, and then sperm/egg are implanted into uterus; ovum transfer: egg provided by female donor; surrogate motherhood
|
|
|
What is the famous case relating to surrogate motherhood?
|
Baby M
|
|
|
What are the different types of adoptions?
|
Closed: both parties unknown to eachother, and no communication.
Semi-Open: both have access to information, but no contact. Open: possible to determine identities of both sides; reunions often occur. |
|
|
What are the two different types of rules?
|
explicit - known, stated and outlined clearly to all family members; implicit - unspoken and inferred from nonverbal behavior.
|
|
|
What is reciprocal interaction?
|
one person's actions is a stimulus for another person's reaction, and that person's reaction is a stimulus for another reaction, etc.
|
|
|
What is an open family?
|
They have flexible boundaries, and easy flow of interaction between people outside family circle.
|
|
|
What is a closed family?
|
Boundaries maintain status quo and change is resisted.
|
|
|
What is entropy?
|
Disorder in a family system from the lack of input outside the family as a means to resolving the problem.
|
|
|
What are negative actions?
|
Movements toward greater disruption.
|
|
|
What are positive actions?
|
Movement of a system away from disorder by accepting outside energy.
|
|
|
What is equifinality?
|
when families share common goals, but reaches them in different ways; this differentiates family systems theory from unidirectional model.
|
|
|
What term related to the tendancy of a family to respond to variables that cause growth and development?
|
Morphogensis
|
|
|
What is morphostatis?
|
The desire of family systems to remain stable over teim by attempting to maintain status quo.
|
|
|
Who is Laszloffy?
|
He uses a metaphor to illustrate the concepts of systematic model as necessary.
|
|
|
What is Laszloffy's metaphor?
|
A round layer cake.
|
|
|
Who proposed an ecological theory of parenting?
|
Bronfenbrenner
|
|
|
What is the mesosystem?
|
It invovles relations between the microsystem and the other systems that affect the person.
|
|
|
What is the microsystem?
|
The environments provided by family, school, neighborhood.
|
|
|
What is the exosystem?
|
Groups in which the indvidiual does not have an active role, but s/he is influenced by it; government agencies, community programs,etc.
|
|
|
What is the macrosystem?
|
Describes how a person is affected by the larger culture - behavioral norms, values, etc.
|
|
|
What is the chronosystem?
|
It encompasses the entire network of systems.
|
|
|
Who developed a theory regarding psychosocial development and parenting?
|
Erikson.
|
|
|
What is a psychosocial crisis?
|
Describes the challenge to attain a healthy attitude; change is enhanced by experiences confronting each crisis.
|
|
|
What are psychosocial senses?
|
Attitudes or general feelings that result from how adequately a person masters crisis.
|
|
|
How did Vygotsky view children?
|
As apprentices.
|
|
|
Who developed the zone of proximal development?
|
Vygotsky.
|
|
|
Who is EE LeMasters?
|
He belived that birth of the first childe causes a crisis event in a marriage relationship.
|
|
|
Who is Evertt Dyer?
|
He also thought that childbirth causes a marital crisis.
|
|
|
What does the first birth really bring about for parents?
|
A transition.
|
