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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypothesis
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a testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur
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theory
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an organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena
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basic research
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research whose goal is to increase the understanding of human behavior, often by testing hypotheses based on a theory
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applied research
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research whose goals are to enlarge the understanding of naturally occuring events and to find solutions to practical problems
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operational definition
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the specific procedures for manipulating or measuring a conceptual variable
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construct validity
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the extent to which the measures used in a study measure the variables they were designed to measure and the manipulations in an experiment manipulate the variables they were designed to manipulate
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interrater reliability
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the degree to which different observers agree on their observations
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random sampling
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a method of selecting participants for a study so that every one in a population has an equal chance of being in the study
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correlational research
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research designed to measure the association between variables that aren't manipulated by the researcher
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correlation coefficient
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a statistical measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables
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experiment
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a form of reserach that can demonstrate casual relationships because the experimenter has control over the events that occure and participants are randomly assigned to conditions
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random assignment
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a method of assigning participants to the various conditions of an experiment so that each participant in the experiment has an equal chance of being in any of the conditions
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main effect
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a statistical term indicates the overall effect that an independent variable has on the dependent variable, ignoring all other independent variables
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interaction
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a statistical term indicating the change in the effect of each independent variable as a fuction of other dependent variables
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experimentor expectancy effects
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the effects produced when an experimenter's expectations about the results of an experiment affect their behavior toward a participant and thereby influence the participants responses
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external validity
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the degree to which there can be reasonable confidence that the results of a study would be obtained for other people and in other situations
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mundane realism
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the degree to which the experimental situation resembles placed and events in the real world
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experimental realism
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the degree to which experimental procedures are involving to participants and lead them to behave naturally and spontaneously
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deception
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providing false information to participants
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confederate
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accomplice of an experimenter who, in dealing with the real participants in an experiment, acts as if s/he is also a participants
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