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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a dependent variable?
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It refers to the behavior that ur interested in observing, analyzing, measuring and changing.
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What does the word "dependent" refer to?
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It refers to the fact that this variable depends upon some experimental manipulations that you'll make in the course of the experiment.
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If you are building on existing research, why's it important 2 use the same def. of the dependent variable that others have used?
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To lend the greatest generality to your study
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What is pilot testing?
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Pilot testing is when you run a smaller version of the study to make sure everything works and to determine whether proposed results are viable
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Why is pilot testing important?
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Because if you do so, then the first real data point is plotted, you'll have considerable confidence that your data is accurate
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What is an independent variable?
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It describes the variable that you're going to change or manipulate in your study
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What are the 2 categories of independent variables from a behavioral perspective?
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antecedent environment and consequent events
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What are the 3 other types of independent variables that behavior analysts are interested in?
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Consequent stimulus, antecedent stimulus, structural/environmental design, and biological variables
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Why is it important to consider your consumer when selecting the independent variable?
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Because using the wrong independent variables can cause negative side effects
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What should researchers do to meet the technological standard when determining their independent variables?
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Researchers should provide operational definitions of their independent variables.
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When are treatment packages justified?
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When the person carrying it out doesn't appear to acquire a great deal of additional effort
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What is the risk you run when using treatment packages in research?
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its harder to figure out which ind.var. was responsible for the effect
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What did Peterson argue convincingly about stability in the dep. variable?
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That stability in the dep. variable does not necessarily imply a stable application of the ind.var.
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What is treatment integrity?
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The degree to which an independent variable is implemented as intended
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What is necessary to demonstrate a functional relationship between ind. & dependent var.
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The experimenter/manipulator
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How does a failure to ensure treatment integrity threaten the internal validity of an experiment?
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If significant behavior change occurs and if their are no data concerning the implementation of the independent variable, conclusions drawn from the exp. are questionable.
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How does the failure to ensure treatment integrity threaten the external validity of your exp.?
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Inadequately described peculiar implemented treatments make replication and evaluation of treatments diffcult
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What was the purpose of this study?
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To valuate the degree to which studies that were published in the journal of applied behavior analysis assessed or monitored the implications of ind. var.
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What is the def. of "operationally defined"?
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If you could replicate this treatment with the info. provided the its considered to be operationally defined
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How did the authors assure that the raters were coding accurately?
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He made sure the raters were familiar wit the lit. on applied behavior analysis and had read previous reviews of treatment integrity as well as other empirical studies published in JABA
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How was reliability measured?
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A random sample of 10% of these studies were also rerated by a 4th advanced doctoral candidate
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What % of studies provided an operational def. of the ind. variable?
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34.2% or 54 studies
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What % of studies systematically measured and reported levels of treatment integrity?
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25 studies, 15.8 %
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What are the authors' recommendations for measurement of integrity?
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Investigators should provide clear and comprehensive operational def.s of all ind. variables, the integrity of the ind. var. should be measured by using accuracy criterion, and level of treatment integrity can be obtained by recording the occurence and non occurence of implementation
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What are the 3 major aspects of social validity that u should consider?
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Are my goals shared by people in the setting and society, are the interventions acceptable and satisfying to the participants & consumers
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if the goal of a research is long term, what two other factors must you take into account?
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what the owner/consumer can afford and also a champion who will promote the procedures over the long term
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what are the four operational steps of social validation?
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To gather samples of appropriate and inappropriate behaviors, submit these to a panel of judges for subjective evaluation, develop reliable def. of these bahaviors and train the participants, and have the panel of judges rate the behaviors
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WHy is "habilitative validity" important?
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it is important because this is the measure of the actual treatment outcome rather than the verbal report
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What is "habilitative validity"?
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the measure of the actual treatment outcome rather then simply the verbal report of the participant
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What must the researcher do to assess the social significance of goals?
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The researcher must be precise about the goals of the behavior change effort at the levels of a broad social goal
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What must the researcher do to assess the social appropriateness of procedures?
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The researcher must provide a clear description of the behavior change program at the levels of the existing or planned comprehensive treatment program
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what must the researcher do to assess the social importance of the effects of behavioral interventions?
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a precise description of the observed affects of the behavior change effort at the level of proximal effects
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