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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An individual's characteristic patterns of thoughts, emotion, & behavior
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Personality
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What approach discusses how people differ psychologically from one another with a focus on personality traits?
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Trait Approach
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Which approach focuses on the unconcious mind and internal conflict?
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Psychoanalytic Approach
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Which approach focuses on physiology, inheritance, and evolution?
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Biological Approach
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Psychoanalytic Theorist
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Freud
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Biological Theorist
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Eyesenck
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Trait Theorist
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Eyesenck, Allport, Cattell
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Which approach focuses on conscious experience, growth, spirituality, and self-fulfillment?
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Humanistic Approach
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Humanistic Theorist
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Rogers & Maslow
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Which approach focuses on science of learning and the impact of rewards and punishment?
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Behaviorist
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Behavioral Theorist
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Pavlov & Skinner
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Which approach emphasizes human thought?
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Cognitive Approach
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Which approach emphasizes that we are different in different situations?
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Interactionist Approach
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Reliability within a particular set of observations
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Internal Consistency
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The measure's degree of consistency on different occasions
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Test-Retest Reliability
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The assment IS related to what it should be related to
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Convergent Validation
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The assessment is NOT related to what is should NOT be related to
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Divergent Validity
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When the measure predicts an outcome
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Criterion-Related Validation
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The tendency to say "yes" or to agree
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Acquiescence
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Uses a stack of cards and the person makes comparisons among their own characteristics
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Q-Sort
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Records the actual behavior of a person
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Behavioral Observations
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Interviews that yield rich info but that have questionable validity
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Unstructured
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Interviews with more validity but that don't reveal individual nuances
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Structured
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Involves the careful analysis of writings such as letters & diaries
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Document Analysis / Life Stories
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Uses an unstructured stimulus, task, or situationsuch as inkblots or drawing
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Projective Tests
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3 Types of Research Methods
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1. Case Studies
2. Correlational Research 3. Experimental Research |
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When is a case study used?
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-Rare or unusual situations
-Demonstrate possibilities -Demonstrate treatment -As disconfirming evidence |
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Strengths of a case study
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-Depty & detail
-Capture complexity |
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Weaknesses of case studies
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-Problem of generalization
-Entangled relationships among variables -Experimenter biases |
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A study the assesses the extent to which two variables are related
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Correlational Design
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Degree of accuracy with which you can make a prediction about 2nd variable given value of the 1st variable
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Strength of Correlation
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Strengths of Correlational Research
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-Can study a broad range of variables
-Can look at multiple variables at one time -Large samples are easily obtained |
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Weaknesses of Correlational Research
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-Relationships are associational, not CAUSUAL
-Studies individuals -Potential problems with reliability and validity of self-report measures |
