Psy 305 Exam 1: Neural Basis Of Cognition

Front 1

Neuron & Brain: Neural Connections

Back 1

1) cell body/soma
2) dendrites
3) axon
4) myelin sheath
5) synapse

Front 2

Neural Connections:
1) cell body/soma
2) dendrites
3) axon
4) myelin sheath
5) synapse

Back 2

1) has a nucleus
2) receives messages
3) sends messages
4) speeds conduction of message
5) gap between neurons across which neurotransmitters travel

Front 3

Brain
1) ___correlations
2) __/__/___

Back 3

1) structure-function
2) hindbrain/midbrain/forebrain

Front 4

Brainstem includes:

Back 4

1) pons
2) medulla
3) midbrain

Front 5

Brainstem components:
1) motor nuclei; vestibular functions
2) sensory relays
3) sensorimotor and balance functions; sleep

Back 5

1) medulla
2) midbrain
3) pons

Front 6

Brainstem: ___formation
1) through __ and __
2) ___

Back 6

Reticular formation
1) hind; mid-brain
2) arousal

Front 7

Major parts of the brain:

Back 7

1) brainstem
2) cerebellum
3) cerebral cortex

Front 8

Major parts of the brain: Cerebellum
1) coordinated ___
2) ___learning
3) some aspects of __and __memory
4) can be more affected by __than any other parts of the brain

Back 8

1) motor movements
2) skill learning
3) implicit; procedural
4) alcohol

Front 9

part of the brain that can be more affected by alcohol than other parts of the brain

Back 9

cerebellum

Front 10

Parts of the brainstem:
1) pons:__and __functions; __
2) medulla: __nuclei and __functions
3) midbrain: ___

Back 10

1) sensorimotor; balance; sleep
2) motor; vestibular
3) sensory relays

Front 11

Components of Cerebral Cortex:

Back 11

1) cortex
2) limbic system
3) basal ganglia

Front 12

Cerebral Cortex: Limbic System
1) ___
2) ___ and ___
3) ___potentiation

Back 12

1) emotional regulation
2) memory; laying down new memories
3) long term

Front 13

Cerebral Cortex: Basal Ganglia
1) ___
2) ___

Back 13

1) movement
2) procedural memory

Front 14

Lobes & Divisions of the Cerebral Cortex

Back 14

1) frontal lobe
2) temporal lobe
3) occipital lobe
4) parietal lobe
5) Brodmann's Cytoarchitectonic Map

Front 15

Frontal lobe:
1) ___cortex
2) __and ___
3) aspects of ___
4) ___and ___
5) __production

Back 15

1) motor
2) planning; decision-making
3) working memory
4) selective; focused attention
5) language

Front 16

Temporal lobe
1) ___
2) ___
3) ___ (___cortex)
4) ___ perception ( ___)

Back 16

1) object recognition
2) memory
3) hearing (auditory)
4) speech ( L hemisphere)

Front 17

Occipital Lobe
1) ___

Back 17

1) vision

Front 18

Parietal Lobe
1) __cortex (when you feel cold, pain, touch, or heat)
2) __attention
3) __of ___ (something in __is being __)
4) ___

Back 18

1) somatosensory
2) spatial
3) detection; movement; visual field; altered
4) sensory integration

Front 19

when you feel cold, pain, touch, or heat

Back 19

somatosensory cortex

Front 20

Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map:
1) based on __and ___
2) __ and __

Back 20

1) cellular morphology; organization
2) localization and lateralization

Front 21

Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map:
1) the principle that specific parts of the cortex are specialized for specific functions
2) tendency for two hemispheres of cortex to have differential specialization

Back 21

1) localization
2) lateralization

Front 22

Neuroscience:
1)
2)

Back 22

1) measuring the brain and its activity levels
2) neuropsychology

Front 23

Neuroscience: measuring the brain and its activity levels:
(1-6)

Back 23

1) CAT scan (computerized axial tomography scans)
2) MRI and fMRI
3) EEG & Evoked Potential
4) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
5) PET Scan
6) Cerebral blood flow

Front 24

Brain needs what things?

Back 24

1) oxygen
2) nutrients
3) glucose

Front 25

Measuring the Brain and it's activity levels: CAT scan (_1_)
2) is a ___
3) uses___to compile a ___of brain or body

Back 25

1) computerized axial tomography scan
2) structural picture of the brain
3) X-rays; composite picture

Front 26

Measuring the brain and its activity levels: MRI and fMRI
1) MRI uses __to measure structures of the brain
2) fMRI ( or __) can measure___in real__

Back 26

1) magnetic fields
2) fuctionalMRI; activity; time

Front 27

Measuring the Brain and its Activity levels: EEG & evoked potential
1) measures gross ___of__in parts of the __
2) ___: stimulus presented & brain waves measured
3) ___: measurement in occipital lobe

Back 27

1) electrical activity; neurons; cortex
2) evoked potential
3) visual evoked potential

Front 28

Measuring the Brain and it's activity levels: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
1) a __technique that applies ___, consistent ___to parts of the skull/brain to see what processes are __
2) OR, short high frequency waves to *___*activity

Back 28

1) non-invasive; short; low frequency electrical current; interrupted
2) stimulate

Front 29

Measuring the Brain and it's activity levels: PET scan
1) measures __of__
2) ___are most active areas
3) __than fMRI

Back 29

1) uptake; glucose
2) red/yellow
3) slower

Front 30

similar to _2_scan, but measures blood flow in general

Back 30

1) cerebral blood flow
2) PET

Front 31

Measuring the brain and its activity levels:
1) uses magnetic fields to measure structure of brain
2) measures gross electrical activity of neurons in parts of the cortex
3) stimulus presented & brain waves measured
4) structural picture of the brain; uses X-rays to compile a composite picture of the brain/body
5) a non-invasive technique that applies weak, low frequency electrical current to parts of the skull/brain to see what processes are interrupted; OR short, high frequency waves to *stimulate* activity
6) measures uptake of (___) glucose
7) measures blood flow in general (similar to a PET scan)

Back 31

1) MRI
2) EEG
3) evoked potential
4) CAT scan
5) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
6) PET scan (radioactive)
7) cerebral blood flow

Front 32

Neuropsychology:

Back 32

1) patient data
2) double dissociations

Front 33

Neuropsychology
1)
*examples:
-amnesia (2)
-agnosia (3)
-hemispatial neglect (ignores 4)
*damage from strokes, surgery, etc.

Back 33

1) patient data
2) without memory
3) without knowledge/recognition
4) half of visual space

Front 34

Neuropsychology:
1)
* patient 1: X impaired; Y intact
* patient 2: X intact; Y impaired
*know those 2 cognitive skills are __2__

Back 34

1) double dissociation
2) separate