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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Autosomal(genes other than your sex cells i.e. 1-22) dominant |
stuttering |
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singlegene recessive trait (cognitive problems, intervene through strict diet) |
Phenylketonuria |
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oneallele does not dominate another completely (sickle cell anemia) |
incomplete dominance |
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Bothalleles affect the trait, which is distinctively different than either allelealone (blood type) |
codominance |
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Multiplegene influences (smoking, alcohol, schizophrenia) |
polygenic |
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Allellesare imprinted, or chemically marked, so they are expressed regardless of thegenetic principles |
genomic imprinting |
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1-22chromosomes |
autosomes |
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23rd chromosome |
sex chromosome |
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X-linkedinheritance; causesexcessive bleeding due to failures in blood clotting. |
hemophilia |
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Characterizedby protruding ears, prominent jaw, unusual speech, poor eye contact, and mildto moderate retardation (FMR1 gene repeats 55-800 times) |
Fragile X Syndrome |
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XO: only one normal X chromosome ispresent. Problems with growth, puberty, learning disabilities |
Turner's syndrome |
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XXY: Feminine characteristics,language deficits, mental retardation, long limbs, sterile testes |
Klinefelter's Syndrome |
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XXX: Normal phenotype, possibledelays (ex. lower intelligence levels) |
Trisomy X Syndrome |
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Above average height, large teeth,severe acne |
XYY |
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Narrowrange of reaction of genes? |
thephenotype may be canalized (doesn’treact much to the environment, ex. physical characteristics like eyecolors) |
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percentageestimates of the extent to which differences between people reflect heredity. |
heritability factor |
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Parents,because they share genetic material with their child, often provide a rearingenvironment that matches the child’s genotype, creating a _____ |
passive G-E correlation |
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An_____ G-E correlation refers to a situation in which thechild’s genotype draws responses from others. |
evocative |
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An____ G-E correlation is created when people seek outenvironments compatible with their genotype (nichepicking) |
active |
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Largestportion of brain is ____, covered by the cerebral cortex – the control forcomplicated human traits and specific functions |
cerebrum |
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______ ensures all parts of the brain are served by neurons |
Neural migration |
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controls executive function |
frontal lobe |
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controls language production |
Broca's area |
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controls language comprehension (ex. grammar) |
Wernicke's area |
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areas involved with taking information from the signal(motor, sensory, primary visual) |
motor/sensory areas
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controls touch, temp |
parietal |
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controls visual |
occipital |
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we expect that certain experiences willoccur universally (hear parents voices, see things, people will hold them) |
Experience-expectantprocesses |
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individual differences because of familyand culture (influenced by environment); the certainareas that are not stimulated prune |
Experience-dependentprocesses |
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Timingof brain changes coincide with changes in behavioral development |
specialization |
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two principles of physical growth |
cephalocaudal developmentand proximal-distal pattern |
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type of protein-energy undernutrition: notenough nutrients, mother can’t breastfeed |
marasmis |
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type of protein-energy undernutrition: child is weaned from the breast &gets a thin amount, not enough nutrition in the milk |
Kwashiorkor |
