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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define neuron. |
Nerve cell. |
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Define dendrite. |
The bushy 'fingers' that receive messages (energy) & conduct impulses toward the cell body. |
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Define axon. |
The sending arm, the neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons, glands or muscles. |
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Define myelin. |
A fatty substance that acts as an insulator. |
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Define myelin sheath. |
A segmented fatty lamination composed of myelin that wraps the axons of many nerves in the body. |
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Define myelinization. |
The production of myelin around the axon; also called myelination. |
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Define action potential. |
A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon. (If enough energy gets to your neurons, it gets sent to the next neuron.) |
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Define threshold. |
The point @ which the action potential is decided - whether to follow-through or not; yes or no point. |
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Define synapses. |
The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron & the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. |
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Define synaptic gap. |
The tiny gap @ the junction betweeen the axon tip of the sending neuron & the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. |
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Dendrites listen... |
...Axons speak. |
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Define neurotransmiter. |
Stored in synapses & make you feel good; brain chemicals. |
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Define endorphins. |
Our bodies respond to pain & vigorous exercise with neurotransmitters that are made in the brain; natural opiates, endogenous (produced within) morphine. |
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Define nervous system. |
Electrochemical network consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral & nervous systems. |
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All cognitions involve... |
...both sides of the brain. |
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MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) |
Magnetic fields & radio waves to show brain activity. |
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Define glial cells. |
Protectors of the neuro system; may also play a role in learning & thinking. |
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Define dopamine. |
Feel good - a neurotransmitter - influences movement, learning, attention & emotion. |
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Define serotonin. |
Affects mood, hunger, sleep & arousal - a neurotransmitter. |
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Define norepinephrine. |
Helps control alertness & arousal. |
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Define intuition. |
An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning. |
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Hormones are... |
...chemicals from endocrine system/glands. |
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To lesion means... |
...to cut. |
