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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychology
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the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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empiricism
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the view that (a) knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and (b) science flourishes through observation and experiment
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structuralism
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an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind
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functionalism
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a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral process function -- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
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humanistic psychology
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historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hope os fostering personal growth
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nature-nurture issue
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the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors
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natural selection
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the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
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levels of analysis
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the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
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biopsychosocial approach
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an integrated perspective that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
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basis research
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pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
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applied research
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scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
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counseling psychology
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a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being
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clinical psychology
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a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
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psychiatry
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a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy
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