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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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consciousness
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our awareness of ourselves and our environment
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biological rhythms
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periodic physiological fluctuations
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circadian rhythm
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the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle
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REM sleep
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rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur
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alpha waves
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the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
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sleep
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periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness -- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation
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hallucinations
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false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus
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delta waves
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the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
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insomnia
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recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
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narcolepsy
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a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
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night terrors
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a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered
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dream
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a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind
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manifest content
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according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream
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latent content
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according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream
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REM rebound
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the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
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hypnosis
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a social interaction in which one person suggest to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
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posthypnotic suggestion
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a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized
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disassociation
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a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others
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psychoactive drug
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a chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood
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tolerance
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the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect
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withdrawal
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the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug
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physical dependence
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a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued
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psychological dependence
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a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions
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addiction
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compulsive drug craving and use
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depressants
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drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions (alcohol, opiates)
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barbiturates
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drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment
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opiates
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opium and its derivatives, such as morphine or heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
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stimulants
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drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions (caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, ecstasy)
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amphetamines
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drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
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methamphetamine
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a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, which speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
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ecstasy
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a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen
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hallucinogens
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psychadelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
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LSD
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a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid
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THC
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the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
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near-death experience
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an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death; often similar to drug-induced hallucinations
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dualism
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the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact
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monism
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the presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing
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