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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the three most common non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Acinetobacter baumanni Stenotrophomonas maltophilia |
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Name identifying characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Gram negative rod, motile w/ polar flagella
PA does NOT ferment glucose or lactose Oxidase positive (obligate aerobe) Fruity odor of grapes Opportunistic pathogen (does not infect healthy people) |
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Describe the types of people who get Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections
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Cystic fibrosis patients, burn patients, immunocompromised patients and those with hematologic malignancies
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Describe the pathophysiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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PA requires break in mucosal barrier... it attaches to epi cells with pili and uses Exotoxin A, Exotoxin S and Elastase to cause disease
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Name the clinical manifestations of PA infection
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Necrotizing bronchopneumonia (ventilator associated pneumonia), skin infections, UTI, Bacteremia (ecythma gangrenosum)
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What is ecythyma gangrenosum?
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hemmorhagic pustules on the skin surrounding eryethema
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List the major toxins made by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Exotoxin A - blocks protein synthesis
Exotoxin S - ADP-ribosylating toxin that causes epithelial dmg Elastase - tissue desctruction and hemorrhagic lesions |
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What is pyocyanin?
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It is a blue pigment - it kills cells and disrupts cilia. It is characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Describe the dangers of Burholdaria cepacia
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the first thing that cystic fibrosis pts are treated for and they are put on aminoglycosides to kill it. However Burkholdaria cepacia is resistant to aminoglycosides so you promote its proliferation.
Use Trimeth/Sulfa and 3rd generation drugs to kill it |
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What Dz is caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilla?
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Bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, wound infections, UTI... it causes life-threatening systemic infections in debilitated pts
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What Dz is caused by Burkholdaria cepacia?
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It causes respiratory infections (big problem in CF pts), UTIs, septicemia
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What diseases are caused by Acinetobacter baumannii
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Found to colonize 45% of patients with tracheostomy
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What are the dangers of Elizabethkingnia menigoseptica?
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Neonatal meningitis - outbreaks occur in nurseries with contaminated breast pumps. It is oxidase +, yellow pigment on blood agar plate
Elizabeth likes to kill babies |
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What bacteria causes Malloidosis? What is mallodiosis?
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Burholderia pseudomallei.
Malloidosis is characterized by: ACUTE: septicemia with metastatic lesions SUBACUTE: TB like pneumonia CRHONIC: chronic cellulitis, Tx with ABX before draining |
