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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypothesis Test (Test of Significance) |
a procedure for testing a claim about a property of a population |
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Null Hypothesis |
denoted by H0; a statement or claim about a population parameter that is assumed to be true until proven otherwise |
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Alternative Hypothesis |
denoted by H1; a statement or claim about a population parameter that is assumed to be true if the null hypothesis is proven false |
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Test Statistic |
a value used in making a decision about the null hypothesis |
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Significance Level |
α is the probability of making the mistake of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true |
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Critical Region (Rejection Region) |
corresponds to the value of the test statistic that causes us to reject the null hypothesis |
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P-Value |
probability of a test statistic at least as extreme as the one obtained |
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Critical Values |
separate the critical region from the values of the test statistic that do not lead to rejection of the null hypothesis |
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Type 1 Error |
the mistake of rejecting the null hypothesis when it's actually true; α is used to represent the probability of this |
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Type 2 Error |
the mistake of failing to reject the null hypothesis when it's actually false; β is used to represent the probability of this |
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α (alpha) |
probability of type 1 error |
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β (beta) |
probability of type 2 error |
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Power |
The power of a hypothesis test is the probability 1 - β of rejecting a false null hypothesis |
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Template (D) & Template (E) when σ is known |
If we continue to take samples of size __, we expect __% of the sample means to be between __ and __. Since n>30, the sample mean is normally distributed. |
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Template (D) & Template (E) when σ is not known |
If we continue to take samples of size __, we expect __% of the sample means to be between __ and __. Population is normally distributed and σ is unknown. |
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Template (D) & Template (E) involving Chi-Square |
If we continue to take samples of size __, we expect __% of the sample standard deviations to be between __ and __. Population is normally distributed. |
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Template (F) and Template (G) for percentages |
At a __ level of significance, there is (in)sufficient evidence to support the claim that __. Since np and nq ≥ 5, the sample proportion is normally distributed. |
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Template (F) and Template (G) when n>30 and σ is known |
At a __ level of significance, there is (in)sufficient evidence to support the claim that __. Since n>30, the sample mean is normally distributed. |
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Template (F) and Template (G) when n<30 and σ is unknown |
At a __ level of significance, there is (in)sufficient evidence to support the claim that __. Population is normally distributed and σ is unknown. |
