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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Quiet Diplomacy?
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Quiet diplomacy is diplomacy that is conducted with minimal publicity behind the scenes. Quiet diplomacy involves developing contacts, ideas and taking formal initiatives in the public domain but without directly seeking high levels of public press attention.
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What defines a Multilateral Conference style?
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Many different styles exist, but in general multilateral conferences are conferences among multiple parties, rather than one to one (bilateral) conferences
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What is Signaling?
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Signaling is one of the least straightforward aspects of statecraft. It is the use of verbal and non-verbal communication to bring about a change in another actor.
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Who comprises the G-8?
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Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, The European Union, The United Kingdom and the United States
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Who comprises the G-24?
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The Group of 24 (G24), a chapter of the G-77, was established in 1971 to coordinate the positions of developing countries on international monetary and development finance issues and to ensure that their interests were adequately represented in negotiations on international monetary matters:
Algeria Argentina Brazil Colombia Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guatemala India Iran Lebanon Mexico Nigeria Pakistan Peru Philippines South Africa Sri Lanka Syria Trinidad and Tobago Venezuela |
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Who comprises the P-5?
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China
France Russia United Kingdom United States |
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What is the G-77?
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The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the organization has since expanded to 130 member countries. The Republic of Yemen holds the Chairmanship in New York for 2010.
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What is Mediation?
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Mediation is the form of conflict resolution which uses a thrid party to help ease tensions of two actors through negotiation
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What is an embargo?
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An embargo is the partial or complete prohibition of commerce and trade with a particular country, in order to isolate it.
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What is a boycott?
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A boycott is a form of consumer activism involving the act of voluntarily abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with a person, organization, or country as an expression of protest, usually for political reasons.
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What does it mean to have most-favored nation status (MFN)?
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In international economic relations and international politics, most favoured nation (MFN) is a status or level treatment accorded by one state to another in international trade. The term means the country which is the recipient of this treatment must, nominally, receive equal trade advantages as the "most favored nation" by the country granting such treatment. (Trade advantages include low tariffs or high import quotas.) In effect, a country that has been accorded MFN status may not be treated less advantageously than any other country with MFN status by the promising country.
The members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agree to accord MFN status to each other. |
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What are the working languages of the UN?
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Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish
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What are summits?
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A summit meeting (or summit) is a meeting of heads of state or government, usually with considerable media exposure, tight security and a prearranged agenda.
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What is a Memorandum of Understanding?
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A memorandum of understanding (MOU or MoU) is a document describing a bilateral or multilateral agreement between parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the parties, indicating an intended common line of action. It is often used in cases where parties either do not imply a legal commitment or in situations where the parties cannot create a legally enforceable agreement. It is a more formal alternative to a gentlemen's agreement.
In some cases, depending on the exact wording, MoUs can have the binding power of a contract; as a matter of law, contracts do not need to be labeled as such to be legally binding. Whether or not a document constitutes a binding contract depends only on the presence or absence of well-defined legal elements in the text proper of the document (the so-called "four corners"). For example, a binding contract typically must contain mutual consideration—a legally enforceable obligations of the parties, and its formation must take place free of the so-called real defenses to contract formation (fraud, duress, lack of age or mental capacity, etc.). |
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What is the Law of the Sea?
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The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place from 1973 through 1982. The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources. The Convention, concluded in 1982, replaced four 1958 treaties. UNCLOS came into force in 1994, a year after Guyana became the 60th state to sign the treaty. To date, 158 countries and the European Community have joined in the Convention. However, it is now regarded as a codification of the customary international law on the issue.
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What are accords?
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Written agreements between two states or sovereigns
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What are pacts?
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Pacts are written agreements between two states or sovereigns, usually defensive.
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What is an ententes?
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An agreement between two or more governments or powers for cooperative action or policy
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What does article 102 of the UN charter state?
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Under Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations, every treaty and international agreement entered into by a Member State of the UN shall be registered with and published by the Secretariat. Regulations to give effect to Article 102 were adopted by the General Assembly in 1946 and subsequently modified a number of times. Pursuant to the mandate contained in Article 102, the United Nations Treaty Series (UNTS) was created.
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What is the Paris Club?
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The Paris Club (French: Club de Paris) is an informal group of financial officials from 19 of some of the world's biggest economies, which provides financial services such as debt restructuring, debt relief, and debt cancellation to indebted countries and their creditors. Debtors are often recommended by the International Monetary Fund after alternative solutions have failed.
It meets every six weeks at the French Ministry of the Economy, Finance, and Industry in Paris. It is chaired by a senior official of the French Treasury, currently the Director General of the Treasury and Economic Policy Department Xavier Musca. |
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What occurred at the Stockholm Conventions?
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The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (also known as the Stockholm Conference) was an international conference convened under United Nations auspices held in Stockholm, Sweden from June 5-16, 1972. It was the UN's first major conference on international environmental issues, and marked a turning point in the development of international environmental politics
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What is the International Monetary Fund?
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rate and the balance of payments. It is an organization formed with a stated objective of stabilizing international exchange rates and facilitating development.[3] It also offers highly leveraged loans, mainly to poorer countries. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C., United States.
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What is the Bretton Woods system?
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The Bretton Woods system of monetary management established the rules for commercial and financial relations among the world's major industrial states in the mid 20th century. The Bretton Woods system was the first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern monetary relations among independent nation-states
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What is the non-aligned movement?
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The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an international organisation of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. The movement is largely the brainchild of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, president of Egypt Gamal Abdul Nasser and Yugoslav president Josip Broz Tito. It was founded in Belgrade (1961); as of 2009, it has 118 members and 17 observer countries. The purpose of the organisation as stated in the Havana Declaration of 1979 is to ensure "the national independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries" in their "struggle against imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialism, racism, and all forms of foreign aggression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics." They represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations's members and comprise 55% of the world population, particularly countries considered to be developing or part of the third world
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What is an interim agreement?
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A temporary agreement on some issues, but not all.
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