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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Brain Damage
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Track issues caused by damage to different parts of the brain
Kind of like a lesion |
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Brain Stimulation
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TMS (magnetic stimulation)
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Brain Imaging
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EEG and MEG
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EEG
MEG |
Electroencephalography
Magnetoencephalography Not that accurate, too many readings |
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Neuroimaging: Localization of Function
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Both Structure and Function
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Neuroimaging: Structure
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Just what it looks like
CT: MRI: Better at soft tissue (Brain Volume seems to correlate to Big Five) |
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Neuroimaging: Function
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Physiology/behavior
PET: fMRI: Blood Oxygenation Level Dependant Response |
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Big Five and Neural Correlates:
Extraversion Conscientiousness Neuroticism Agreeableness Openness |
Sensitivity to reward
Self - regulation execution of planned actions Sensitivity to punishment Understanding other's thoughts No correlates |
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Arousal Theory: ARAS
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Ascending Reticular Activating System
-Hans Eysenck -Connected to cerebral cortex and rest of brain. -a different part of the brain..? |
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ARAS Introverts
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Generally over aroused
-Always trying to lower arousal -Restraint -Salivates more than an extrovert (TOO MUCH AROUSAL!) |
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ARAS Extravert
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Usually not aroused enough
-Will constantly try to increase arousal -Unrestrained -Will not salivate like an introvert |
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Gale
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No difference in arousal level of introverts and extraverts when given little to no stimulation
With higher stimulations, Introverts react faster and larger Interestingly, Introverts and Extraverts are same at resting |
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Geen
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Extraverts perfer louder volume than introverts
Introverts have a higher skin conductance |
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Amygdala
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Associated with emotional responses: fear
Traits: anxiety, fearfulness, sociability, sexuality, optimism Links perceptions and thoughts with emotions Motivation |
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Frontal Lobe
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In front of the PFC
Organizes emotional response Executive function: planning organizing |
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Orbital Frontal Lobe DMG
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Will disclose too much information. Can't seem to shut their mouth.
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Intact Frontal Lobes
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Higher Cognitive Functions
Negative Emotion correlates with more PFC activity |
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Frontal Lobe Asymmetry
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Pleasant Emotion on the left
Approach on the left Unpleasant Emotions on the right Withdrawal on the right |
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Anterior Cingulate
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Emotional Processing
Reactive to positive and neutral words for those high in extraversion Reactive during odd tasks for those high in neuroticism |
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Dopamine Importance
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Movement; deficiency is Parkingson's
Reward; approaching attractive girls |
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Dopamine Personality
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Sociability: Important in instinct to approach attractive girls
Related to novelty seeking: Trying new things |
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Dopamine Pharmacology
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L-DOPA
Cocaine |
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Jeff Gray Theory
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BIS and BAS
Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition Highly sensitive BAS = GO GO GO (Thrillseeker?) Highly sensitive BIS = anxiety NO GO NO GO NO GO |
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Serotonin
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Inhibits behavioral impulses and emotional impulses
-Avoids excessive worrying |
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Low serotonin levels
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-Criminals, arsonists, violence, suicide
-Irrational anger, neuroticism |
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Zuckerman Theory
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High on sensation seeking have a low lever of internal arousal so they need stronger stimuli
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SSRI
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Stops the reuptake of serotonin
Makes negative emotions less severs, doesnt touch positive emotions |
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Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
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-Overactive in neuroticism and anxiety
-PTSD; higher concentrations in response to stress |
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Epinephrine and NE: Pharmacology
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Beta Blockers to inhibit the release of NE
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Cloninger Theory
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Tridimenstional personality model:
Novelty seeking - low dopamine Harm avoidance - high serotonin Reward dependence - low NE |
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Hormone
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biological chemical that affects the body in a location away from production
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Cortex
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The outer part (tree bark)
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What makes hormones? (3)
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Adrenal cortex
Hypothalamus Gonads |
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Testosterone and aggression
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Its not always males with more aggression
Social class and aggression (Education lowers aggression) Violent men have testosterone, not vice versa |
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Personality and Testosterone in men
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Linked to extraversion
High energy Frustration when blocked Reported more sex |
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Personality and Testosterone in women
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Unprovoked violent crimes
Higher sociability, impulsivity |
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Cortisol
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Metabolic processes
Responds to physical and psychological stress -homeostasis |
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Infants with high levels of cortisol....
(2) |
Timid
Social phobia prone |
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Adolescent males with low preadolescent cortisol concentration...
(3) |
Low harm avoidance
High impulsiveness High aggression |
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Cortisol and personality
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Higher concentration in morning is associated with higher neuroticism scores
PTSD and depression have dysregulated daily cortisol concentrations |
