Psb 2000 Test 2

Front 1

Axons

Back 1

The ones from the lateral geniculate extend directly to primary visual cortex.

Front 2

Fovea

Back 2

is the part of the retina with the greatest perception of detail.

Front 3

Optic Nerve

Back 3

conveys visual information to the brain, is composed of axons from ganglion cells

Front 4

Cones of the retina

Back 4

are more sensitive to detail than the rods.

Front 5

Occipital Lobe

Back 5

of the cerebral cortex is most important for visual information.

Front 6

special part of the brain

Back 6

sensitive just to the recognition of faces.

Front 7

eye

Back 7

analogous to a camera

Front 8

Retina

Back 8

the light sensitive surface in the back of the eye. It would correspond to the 'film' in the camera analogy.

Front 9

Rod Outer Segment (ROS)

Back 9

-absorbs light (photons).
-gets almost fully bleached (80%)
-Rods get longer as light gets dimmer.

Front 10

Seeing Stars

Back 10

If I were hit on the right side of my head on the top, I would see stars in bottom left visual field

Front 11

Pituitary Tumor

Back 11

causes trouble with peripheral vision.

Front 12

Visual Agnosia

Back 12

causes someone to mistake something like his wife for a hat.

Front 13

Opponent process

Back 13

theory of vision is most like how a computer works.

Front 14

Convergence, receptors, ganglion cells, fovea...

Back 14

There is less convergence of the receptors onto the ganglion cells in the fovea.

Front 15

126 to 1

Back 15

Average convergence of the receptor cells onto the ganglion

Front 16

What is there more convergence of...rods or cones?

Back 16

Rods

Front 17

2 visual pathways

Back 17

Geniculostriate and tectal-pulvinar

Front 18

Amblyopia

Back 18

'weak eye' can lead to loss of columns in the visual cortex.

Front 19

Memories

Back 19

stored as abstract concepts

Front 20

If stimulating receptor `A’ leads to either excitation or inhibition of a particular neuron in the brain...

Back 20

then receptor `A’ is part of that neuron's receptive field.

Front 21

moving from simple to complex to hypercomplex cells...

Back 21

the stimulus required to make the cell fire becomes increasingly complex.

Front 22

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Back 22

made up of the brain and the spinal cord.

Front 23

Forebrain

Back 23

made up of the hippocampus, thalamus and cerebral cortex

Front 24

White parts of brain

Back 24

caused by a high density of myelinated axons

Front 25

Each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex...

Back 25

receives most of its input from the contralateral side of the body and controls the muscles on the contralateral side

Front 26

central sulcus

Back 26

separates the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex from the parietal lobe

Front 27

Eye movements

Back 27

are controlled by cranial nerves 3, 4, and 6.

Front 28

the ventricles of the brain

Back 28

contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Front 29

hydrocephalus

Back 29

is caused by An obstruction in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid

Front 30

Sulcus and fissure

Back 30

both refer to grooves found on the surface of the brain.

Front 31

the cranial nerves

Back 31

are involved in the control of breathing, heart rate and other vital reflexes

Front 32

horizontal plane

Back 32

A plane that shows brain structures as they would be seen from above

Front 33

anterior

Back 33

another name for the ventral spinal cord in humans

Front 34

The Autonomic NS

Back 34

The division of the nervous system that is made up of neurons that control the heart, intestines, and other organs

Front 35

Brainstem

Back 35

The medulla, pons, midbrain, and central structures of the forebrain

Front 36

Damage to the prefrontal cortex

Back 36

often causes people to lose their social inhibitions and to ignore the rules of polite conduct

Front 37

Digestive activity

Back 37

is INCREASED by the parasympathetic nervous system.

Front 38

damage to cranial nerves #5, 9, and 10.

Back 38

chewing and swallowing would most likely be impaired

Front 39

damage to cranial nerve #9

Back 39

inability to cough or choke

Front 40

the vestibular system

Back 40

most likely to detect movement of the head

Front 41

hair cells

Back 41

The receptor cells of the auditory system

Front 42

pheromone

Back 42

odor released by an animal that affects the behavior of other animals

Front 43

The vomeronasal organ

Back 43

ids in mating behaviors; doesn’t seem to be present in humans; responds to pheromones and sends information to the amygdala.

Front 44

Four “BASIC” TASTES

Back 44

ARE SALTY, SOUR, SWEET AND BITTER.

Front 45

different ions and different receptors

Back 45

for different tastes

Front 46

There may be receptors for

Back 46

MSG, METALLIC, FAT, and AMINO ACIDS

Front 47

a taste bud of the tongue

Back 47

has 50 receptors

Front 48

many women living in a college dormitory will gradually begin to synchronize their menstrual cycles

Back 48

Research indicates that this is, at least in part, based on the influence of odors

Front 49

Gay and straight Men

Back 49

react differently to sexual odors

Front 50

Dogs sense of olfaction is better than ours because...

Back 50

dogs have10 sq inches of epithelium compared to our 1 sq inch and dogs pay more attention to odors.

Front 51

Damage to the spinothalamic tract

Back 51

will result in contralateral loss of pain below the lesion.

Front 52

The homunculus

Back 52

shows a representation of the body (somewhat distorted) on the cortex

Front 53

postcentral gyrus

Back 53

The primary target area on the cerebral cortex for touch and other skin sensations is the postcentral gyrus

Front 54

The spinothalamic system

Back 54

is sensitive to pain and temperature.

Front 55

Damage to the postcentral gyrus in the parietal lobe

Back 55

would lead to a deficit primarily in sense of touch.