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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abnormal Behavior
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DSM IV focuses on disability (interfering with daily life) and distress (causes physical pain)
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Maladaptive
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Dysfuntional or disability
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Distress
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Personal and emotional distress, dysphoria (unwell or unhappy), including pain
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Life time prevalence (risk)
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Percentage of people who will ever get (incidence)
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(Point) Prevalence
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Percentage of people who have it now
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Assessment
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A set of procedures for gathering information on an individual
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)
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A manual or set of guidelines for meeting criteria for diagnosis of 200-300 disorders with emphasis on objective signs and symptoms
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I) Clinical syndromes, such as depression, eating disorder, or drug dependence
II) Mental retardation and personality disorder III) Medical conditions that contribute to behavior such as chronic pain IV) Social and environmental issues V) Global assessment, how well is individual coping |
Axes of DSM
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Anxiety Disorder
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Pervasive anxiety leading to disability and distress; lifetime prevalence 33%
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Anxiety Disorder: Panic Disorder
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Four or more panic attacks in four weeks characterized by depersonalization.
Labored breathing, choking, dizziness, frequently associated with agoraphobia |
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Phobia
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Characterized by irrational fear
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PTSD
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Post traumatic stress disorder for which there is a life time prevalence of 7%. Re-experiencing, arousal, avoidance
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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Just about any anxiety that causes disability or distress
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Unipolar Disorder
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Depressed mood, anhedonia, reduced energy. Lifetime prevalence of up to 12% in men and 25% in women, 50% in identical twins.
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Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Disorder)
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Lifetime prevalence around 1%, approximately 60% in identical twins
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Bipolar Disorder I (Manic Disorder)
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One or more manic episodes, abnormally elevated irritable mood, energy level or activity
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Bipolar Disorder II (Manic Depressive Disorder)
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One or more hypomanic episodes and one or more major depressive episodes, less severe than manic episode
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Schizophrenia
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Lifetime prevalence of 1%, life long syndrome, 50% in identical twins. Principal symptom is thought disorder.
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Hallucinations, delusions, and sometimes paranoid
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Schizophrenia: Positive Symptoms (excessive or abnormal behavior)
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Blunted effect. anhedonia, asocial behavior, catatonic motor behavior
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Schizophrenia: Negative Symptoms (lack of normal behavior)
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Treatment of Behavioral Disorders: Psychotherapy
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Nonbiological, noninvasive approach to improvement
Modern: places less emphasis on early childhood experiences, works best with young, healthy individual Cognitive: change what patient thinks Behavioral: based on learning theories, pavlovian and operant conditioning |
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Treatment of Behavioral Disorders: Psychopharmacology
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Anti-depressants: (SSRIs boost serotonin and neropinephrine)
Mood Stabilizers: Lithium for bipolar disorder Anxiolytics: enhance GABA and treat anxiety or insomnia Stimulants: Dopamine increase to produce arousal Antipsychotics: block dopamine to treat schizophrenia |
