Ps 20 Midterm

Front 1

Reciprocity

Back 1

rewarding behavior that contributes to the group and punishing behavior that pursues self interest at the expense of the group.
It can be "enforced" without any central authority
It can lead to a downward spiral (tit for tat)

Front 2

Three principles to solve the collective goods problem

Back 2

1. Dominance
2. Reciprocity
3. Identity

Front 3

Interstate level of analysis

Back 3

focuses on the interactions of the states without regard to their internal makeup. This level pays attention to states' relative power positions in the international system and the interactions among them.
It has been the most important of the levels of analysis

Front 4

Realism in History...

Back 4

-In Greece, Thucydides wrote "the strong do what they have the power to do and the weak accept what they have to accept"
-Machiavelli urged princes to do anything to stay in power.

Front 5

Realists assume that IR can be best explained by...

Back 5

the choices of states operating as autonomous actors rationally pursuing their own interests in an international system of sovereign states without central authority.

Front 6

List some long term elements of power

Back 6

GDP, territory, population, geography, natural resources, political culture, patriotism, education, strength of the scientific and technological base

Front 7

List some short term elements of power

Back 7

Military forces, military-industrial capacity to quickly produce weapons, support and legitimacy

Front 8

Deterrence

Back 8

using a threat to punish another actor if it takes a certain negative action (especially attacking one's own state or one's allies)

Front 9

Rationality

Back 9

1. Unitary actor assumption
2. cost-benefit analysis- calculating the costs incurred by a possible action and the benefits it is likely to bring

Front 10

satisficing

Back 10

coming up with a "good enough" option that meets some minimal criteria

Front 11

Postmodernism

Back 11

also known as "hard constructivists"
- deny the existence of objective knowledge, they pay special attention to texts and to discources
- how are states actors? they are fictions! (we made it up!)

Front 12

Positive peace

Back 12

peace that resolves the underlying reasons for war- peace that is not just a cease-fire but a transformation of relationships

Front 13

Structural violence

Back 13

poverty, hunger, and oppression
violence caused by the structure of social relations rather than by direct actions such as shooting people.