Prototypes & Therapeutic Effects

Front 1

lovastatin

Back 1

lowers LDL and increases HDL

Front 2

exetimibe

Back 2

antilipid drug used to treat hypercholesterolemia

Front 3

niacin/vitamin B3

Back 3

used to treat hyperlipidemia

Front 4

cholestyramine/colestipol

Back 4

used to reduce elevated serum cholesterol levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia who have not responded to other drug therapy; active liver disease; can be used for children and in pregnancy; modestly (15-30%) lowers LDL/no effect on HDL, may increase triglycerides

Front 5

gemfibrozil

Back 5

reduces VLDL and increases HDL; may reduce or increase LDL

Front 6

nitroglycerin

Back 6

uses vary by route of administration; can relieve acute chest pain r/t cardiac diseases

Front 7

captopril

Back 7

HTN, CHF, diabetic nephropathy, & left ventricular dysfunction

Front 8

losartan

Back 8

HTN, diabetic nephropathy sometimes, left ventricle dysfunction

Front 9

eplerenone

Back 9

hypertension

Front 10

metoprolol

Back 10

hypertension, angina, controlled CHF

Front 11

clonidine

Back 11

lower BP

Front 12

labetalol

Back 12

hypertension

Front 13

amlodipine

Back 13

hypertension and angina pectoris

Front 14

hydralazine

Back 14

adjunct to other antihypertensives

Front 15

nitroprusside

Back 15

use in hypertensive crisis

Front 16

digoxin

Back 16

CHF (only treats, does not decrease mortality) & a-fib

Front 17

nesiritide

Back 17

use in adults with acute, decompensated HF

Front 18

quinidine

Back 18

atrial arrhythmias

Front 19

lidocaine

Back 19

acute therapy for ventricular arrhythmias; ectopic beats, VT, VF; class 1B is the drug of choice in acute care (no serious adverse effects)

Front 20

flecainide

Back 20

for life-threatening supraventricular & ventricular arrhythmias that have not been controlled with a less toxic agent

Front 21

propranolol hydrochloride

Back 21

a-fib & flutter, tachyarrhythmias, WPW syndrome, ventricular arrhythmias

Front 22

amiodarone

Back 22

use ONLY in life-threatening arrhythmias

Front 23

bertylium

Back 23

treatment and prophylaxis of life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias unresponsive to other IV antiarrhythmic agents

Front 24

verapamil

Back 24

antiarrhythmic for chronic atrial flutter or a-fib

Front 25

sodium polystyrene sulfonate

Back 25

hyperkalemia

Front 26

heparin

Back 26

parenteral anticoagulant; interferes with the final steps of the clotting cascade (in the intrinsic pathway)

Front 27

warfarin

Back 27

used prophylactically for pts w/ lont-term risk for thrombus formation

Front 28

clopidogrel

Back 28

reduce atherosclerotic events

Front 29

alteplase recombinant

Back 29

thromboembolic conditions (break down/dissolve clot)

Front 30

dextromethorphan

Back 30

chronic nonproductive cough

Front 31

pseudoephedrine

Back 31

reduces the volume of nasal mucus; temporarily relieves nasal congestion

Front 32

fexofenadine

Back 32

relieves symptoms associated w/ seasonal and parennial allergies

Front 33

albuterol

Back 33

bronchodilator in managing CAL (chronic airway limitation) asthma

Front 34

ipratropium bromide

Back 34

maintenance therapy of CAL or asthma

Front 35

guaifenesin

Back 35

relieves dry, nonproductive cough (liquifies mucus in the longs)

Front 36

prazosin

Back 36

standing & lying BPs are reduced, particularly the diastolic BP; prostatic hypertrophy

Front 37

dopamine

Back 37

hypotension resulting from shock; correct hypovolemia (insufficient blood in body) before administering