Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What does Eukaryote mean?
|
Eukaryote means unicellular or mulitcellular organisms which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
|
|
|
What does Prokaryote mean?
|
Prokaryote means unicellular structures that lack internal membrane bound structures. Examples are bacteria.
|
|
|
What is the function of the anal pore in a paramecium?
|
Waste materials leave the cell through the anal pore.
|
|
|
What is avoidance behavior?
|
Avoidance behavior is when ameba and other organisms feels and with cilia and use their eyespots to avoid objects
|
|
|
What are the cilia on a paramecium?
|
Cilia are the tiny, hairlike things on the outside of the paramecium that allow it to move.
|
|
|
What are Flagella?
|
Flagella are the long projections (whip like) composed of micotubules found on some cell surfaces that help cells move.
|
|
|
What does conjugation mean?
|
Conjugation means a form of sexual reproduction in bacteria where one bacteria transfers all or part of its genetic material to another through a bridge like structure called the pilus. Conjugation happens in paramecium when food is short or the environmental condition change. Usually, paramecium reproduce asexually, dividing crosswise and forming two daughter cells.
|
|
|
What is a contractile vacuole?
|
A contractile vacuole pumps out the excess water from the paramecium.
|
|
|
What is a cyst?
|
A Cyst is
|
|
|
What does ectoplasm mean?
|
Ectoplasm means the inner portion of the cytoplasm of the cell
|
|
|
What does endoplasm mean?
|
Endoplasm means the outer portion of the cytoplasm of the cell
|
|
|
What is an eyespot?
|
An eyespot is a light sensitive receptor that helps the algae move towards light.
|
|
|
What is a food vacuole?
|
A food vacuole is enclosed and digests food for an amoeba.
|
|
|
What does macronucleus mean?
|
Macronucleus controls the everyday functions of the cell for the paramecium.
|
|
|
What does micronucleus mean?
|
Micronucleus is the small nucleus in the paramecium that plays a major role in sexual reproduction.
|
|
|
What is the gullet?
|
The gullet is where the food moves into from the oral grove. The food then becomes enclosed in the food vacuole.
|
|
|
What is the oral groove?
|
The oral groove is the hole on the paramecium, lined with cilia, that sweeps bacteria into the gullet for feeding.
|
|
|
What is the pellicle?
|
The pellicle is the outer covering of the paramecium which has thousands of cilia.
|
|
|
What is alginic acid?
|
Alginic Acid is a viscous gum that is abundant in the cell walls of brown algae.
|
|
|
What is bioluminescence?
|
Bioluminescence means emitting light. Some of the dinoflagellates are bioluminescent.
|
|
|
What is a blade?
|
A blade is the leaf part of kelp.
|
|
|
What is a stape?
|
A stape is the stem part of kelp.
|
|
|
What is holdfast?
|
Holdfast are the structures that red algae use to attach to rocks. For kelp, the holdfast anchors the kelp to rocks or the ocean bottom.
|
|
|
What is a Thallus?
|
Thallus is the body of seaweed, it lacks roots, stems or leaves, Red Algae family.
|
|
|
What does diatomacious earth mean?
|
Diatomaceuos Earth is a light soil consisting of siliceous diatom remains and often used as a filtering material.
|
|
|
What are plankton?
|
Plankton are an assortment of microscopic organisms that float in the ocean's photic zone and form the base of marine food chains.
|
|
|
What is the red tide?
|
The red tide is is a species of algae called Gonyaulax, it is a dinoflagellate (spinning algae). It produces a strong nerve toxin that can make humans ill.
|
|
|
What does carageenan mean?
|
Carageenan is a food additive made from a purified extract of red seaweed, commonly used as a thickening agent.
|
|
|
What is a saprophyte?
|
A saprophyte is an organism that feeds on dead organic matter especially a fungus or bacterium
|
|
|
What are the general characteristics of Phylum Sarcodina?
|
The general characteristics of Phylum Sacrodina are that they move by pseudopods
|
|
|
Describe the structure and locomotion of Ameba
|
The structure of Ameba is
The general locomotion of Ameba is |
|
|
Label Paramecium
|
The parts of Paramecium are the cilia, anal pore, gullet, oral groove, macronucleus, micronucleus, contractile vacuole.
|
|
|
Explain eating and drinking of Paramecium
|
Paramecium eat and drink by taking substance in the the oral groove and out through the anal pore.
|
|
|
What are the main characteristics of Phylum Zoomastigina?
|
The main characteristics of Phylum Zoomastigina are flagella. Example, the flagella in the guts of termites that lets them convert wood to carbohydrates.
|
|
|
What is Trypanosoma?
|
Trypanosoma is a protist (Kinetoplastida) that causes human diseases transmitted by biting flies
|
|
|
What is Girardia?
|
Girardia is a protozoan (one-celled) organism which causes diarrhea in animals
|
|
|
What is Leishmania?
|
Leishmania is a flagellate protozoan that causes leishmaniasis
|
|
|
What are the main characterisitics of Phylum Sporozoa?
|
The main characteristics of Phylum Sporozoa are they are all parasitic...
|
|
|
What is taxoplasmosis?
|
Taxoplasmosis is a a disease charcterized by lesions of the central nervous system
|
|
|
What is plasmodium?
|
Plasmodium is a mass of cytoplasm that contains many diploid nuclei but no cell walls or membranes. These slime molds creep like amoeba over surfaces of decaying logs or leaves.
|
|
|
What is Myxomycota?
|
Myxomycota is the phylum for the plasmodial slime molds. There are approximately 450 species in the Myxomycotes phylum. Plasmodial slime mold reproduce by forming separate, stalk like spore producing structures.
|
|
|
What is Acrasiomycota?
|
Acrasiomycota is the phylum for cellular slime molds. There are about 65 species. The big difference between the cellular slime molds and the plasmodial slime molds is the way they reproduce. Acrasiomytes form slug like structure in reproduction.
|
|
|
What is Oomycota?
|
Oomycota is the phylum for water molds and downy mildews. Example, potato mold. These molds live in water or moist places and feed on dead organisms or are plant parasites. They reproduce with flagellated cells (note: fungi never do this). There are about 175 species of Oomycotes.
|
|
|
What are the animal like features of protists? What are animal like protists called?
|
Protists are like animals in the way that they get food. They are heterotrophs. Animal like protists are call protozoa.
|
|
|
What are the plant like features of Protists? What are plant like protists called?
|
The plant like features of protists are that they are autotrophs, using photosynthesis to make food. Plant like protists may be unicellular or multicellular. Plant like protists are called algae.
|
|
|
What is the main difference between protists and bacteria?
|
All protists are eukaryotes. the metabolic processes occur inside the membrane-bound organelles.
|
|
|
What are the fungi like characteristics of protists?
|
They decompose dead organisms.
|
|
|
How are protists different than fungi?
|
They are able to move and they do not have chitin in their cell walls.
|
|
|
How are protists different than animals?
|
They are unicellular.
|
|
|
How are protists different than plants?
|
Algae does not have organs like roots, stems and leaves.
|
|
|
What are the four main groups of protozoans?
|
Amoebas, flagellates, ciliates and sporozoans.
|
|
|
What disease does the flagellate parasite cause in humans?
|
African sleeping sickness.
|
|
|
Which protozoa causes malaria?
|
Plasmodium, in the phylum Sporozoa, which produces spores.
|
|
|
What are phytoplankton?
|
Photosynthesizing unicellular protist, one of the major producers of nutrients and oxygen i the aquatic ecosystem.
|
|
|
What are the three unicellular phyla of algae?
|
Euglenoids, diatoms and dinoflagellates.
|
|
|
What are the three multicellular phyla of algae?
|
Red, green and brown algae.
|
|
|
What are the animal characteristics of Phylum Euglenophyta?
|
When light is not available, they ingest food like protozoans. They also have flagella to help them move towards food. They do not have a cell wall made of cellulose.
|
|
|
What are the plant like characteristics of Phylum Euglenophyta?
|
Chlorophyll, photosynthsis. They have a flexible pellicle that surrounds the cell membrane.
|
|
|
Why is Phylum Euglenophyta hard to classify?
|
Because it has both animal and plant characteristics. They can be heterotrophs.
|
