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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are proteins made up of? |
Amino Acids |
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What is the structure of an amino acid |
Four groups attached to central carbon atom (a-carbon) Carboxylic acid group (COOH) Hydrogen atom (H) R group or side chain (UNIQUE) Amino group (NH2) |
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What are the different properties of the amino acid side chains (R GROUPS)? |
Acidic Basic Hydrophobic Hydrophilic |
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What is a primary structure? |
The linear sequence of amino acids Joined by PEPTIDE BONDS |
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What is a secondary structure? |
Regions are FOLDED Consist of Alpha helix and Beta Sheets
Held by HYDROGEN BONDS (non - covalent) Weaker than covalent. |
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What is a tertiary structure? |
The 3D arrangement of amino acids in POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN HYDROPHILIC INTERACTIONS, ELECTROSTATIC FORCES (VAN DER WAALS) HYDROGEN BONDING, COVALENT DISULPHIDE BRIDGES. |
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What is quaternary structure? |
.Protein with MORE THAN ONE POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN ELECTROSTATIC FORCES HYDROGEN BONDS HYDROPHOBIC FORCES DISULPHIDE BONDS |
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Why is PROLINE a special amino acid? |
Proline is not found in ALPHA HELIX It is HYDROPHOBIC due to ALIPHATIC SIDE CHAIN but is RIGID. |
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Why is CYSTEINE a special amino acid?
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Can form DISULPHIDE BONDS with other CYSTEINES DUE TO THE SULPHUR CONTAINING SIDE CHAIN It is HYDROPHOBIC |
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What is a polypeptide? |
MORE THAN THREE polypeptides |
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Name one STRUCTURAL protein? |
COLLAGEN Part of CONNECTIVE TISSUE FOUND IN BONES, SKIN |
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Name another STRUCTURAL protein? |
KERATIN Part of hair and nails |
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Name a HORMONE protein? |
INSULINE PEPTIDE HORMONE Regulates blood glucose levels |
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Name a IMMUNITY protein? |
IMMUNOGLOBUIN (ANTIBODIES) GLOBULAR |
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Name a TRANSPORT protein? |
HAEMOGLOBIN Transports oxygen around the body GLOBULAR |
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Name a ENZYME protein? |
HEXOKINASE Catalyse first type of glycolysis GLOBULAR |
