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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Protein synthesis |
the process of making proteins that involves replication, transcription and translation. |
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Transcription
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a process where the DNA code is transferred to a strand of mRNA in the nucleus so that it can be carried out to the ribosome |
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Translation
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a process where the code on mRNA is read and translated into amino acids that are assembled to make a protein.
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Amino acid
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Building blocks that join together by peptide bonds to make a protein.
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Transfer RNA (tRNA)
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a type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome.
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Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
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a type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes in the cytoplasm. |
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Messenger RNA (mRNA)
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long strands of RNA nucleotides that are complementary to one strand of DNA and that carriy the information to the ribosome. |
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Codon
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three base code on an mRNA strand.
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Anti-codon
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A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
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Polypeptide
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a single linear chain of amino acids and another term to describe a protein
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Central Dogma
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defined by Francis Crick and stating that information flows in one direction from DNA to RNA to proteins and involves the processes of replication, transcription, and translation
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RNA polymerase
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enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule. They are very large complexes and play a variety of roles in transcription |
