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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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step 1 |
a gene is activated as transcription factors bind to the promoter that includes the TATA box of gene |
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step 2 |
RNA polymerase 2 binds to the promoter region of the gene forming the transcription initiation complex |
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step 3 |
RNA polymerase makes an mRNA copy of the gene in 5' to 3' direction from start point in promoter to just past the polyadenylation signal |
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step 4 |
the 5' end of pre-mRNA is capped with a modified guanine |
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step 5 |
the 3' end of pre-mRNA is tagged with a poly-adenine tail |
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step 6 |
the pre- mRNA is edited by spliceosomes containing snRNPs and proteins that remove introns and splice together exons |
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step 7 |
mRNA passes through nuclear pore into the cytoplasm |
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step 8 |
a small ribosomal subunit with initiator tRNA bound attaches to the 5' end of mRNA |
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step 9 |
a large ribosomal subunit binds to the small ribosomal subunit forming the translation initiation complex. construction of this complex requires initiation factor proteins and GTP |
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step 10 |
beginning at the start codon, the mRNA and tRNA move along the ribosome as a unit in the 5' to 3' direction, using energy from GTP hydrolysis |
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step 11 |
using ATP amino acids are bound to specific molecules of tRNA by aminoacyl- tRNA synthetase |
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step 12 |
using GTP tRNA with the bound amino acid is attached to mRNA, anticodon of codon that codes for a particular amino acid |
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step 13 |
amino acids are moved into proper sequence and peptide bonds are formed between them by peptidyl transferase with help of elongation factor proteins |
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step 14 |
when the stop codon of the mRNA reaches the A site, of the ribosome, the completed polypeptide chain is released with help of a protein called release factor and energy of GTP |
