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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the first step in protein synghesis |
Transcription, which is like taking a photocopy of the DNA, which is known as mRNA |
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What is the first step in transcription? |
Initiation stage A gene will be active in a DNA which an RNA polymerease will come and bind tot hat specific spot and then open the DNA split open; and, then the free roaming RNA roaming free in nucleus will be complementary to DNA and polynucleotides will build a polynucleotide strand. Then once its build the mRNA, everything will dissociate. |
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What happens before mRNA leaves nucleus? And, what enzyme removes them. |
In order for translation to be used in translation, the non coding introns need to be removed by ribozymes. |
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What do the sequence of codons do in mRNA? |
Specifies the order of amino acids in a protein. |
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What is tRNA |
The top end of tRNA is where amino acids are attached which correspond to anticodon. Where each tRNA molecule is for each of the twenty amino acids found in protein |
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What does tRNA stand for? |
Transfer rna |
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What does rRNA stand for? And what is it for? |
Ribosomal rna which is produce by nucleus and the proteins attach to form 2 units one large subunit and one smaller subunit. They're like assemblers which physically move along on mRNA molecule helping build protein chains. |
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What is the first stage of translation |
Initiation stage A tRNA attaches specific to that codon and then an amino acid attaches, which has complementary base to the codon on mRNA |
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What is the stage called when subunits attached |
Initiation complex |
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What are the letters of the 3 binding site? |
1st is E 2nd is P 3rd is A |
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What binding will the first tRNA be in? And then what will happen |
Elongation stage The first tRNA will be in P site and then the second tRNA will be in A which reads the next codons and connect the amino acid to build the peptide chain. |
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How many tRNA can be at the ribosome at one time? |
Two |
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Which enzymes do we find again from DNA replication? |
Helicase which unwinds a section of the gene for protein synthesis, and then free floating RNA which is complementary base is joined together by RNA polymerase, and then in the end it prints out a copy of mRNA |
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What are ribosomes or aka rRNA |
Ribosomal RNA is made when it joins with protein to make ribosomes, which makes two subunits, one large and one small. And which is where protein synthesis occurs. |
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What is invlove in splicing introns from mRNA |
Ribozymes |
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What is processed mRNA called |
Mature |
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RNA processing |
From dna to rna during transcription. |
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What is phenotype |
The physical characteristics of a cell |
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What is genotype |
Genetic characteristics |
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What is a translocation |
Movement of ribosome |
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Transcriptional control |
Control which genes are transcribed and the rate at which transcription if genes occur ( how long DNA occurs) |
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Posttranscriptional control |
Amount of gene expression Occurs in the nucleus before it goes to the cyptoplasm. The faster the mature mRNA produced and leaves the nucleus the greater the amount of gene product |
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Translational control |
The longer a mRNA last the greater amount of gene product |
