Property Specialist Homework

Front 1

Sole or Bottom Plate

Back 1

The bottom, horizontal framing member of a wall that's attached to the floor sheeting and vertical wall studs.

Front 2

Stud

Back 2

A vertical wood framing member, also referred to as a wall stud, attached to the
horizontal sole plate below and the top plate above. Normally 2 X 4's or 2 X 6's, 8' long
(sometimes 92 5/8"). One of a series of wood or metal vertical structural members placed
as supporting elements in walls and partitions. All are of the same length or common sizes.

Front 3

King Stud

Back 3

The vertical "2 X's" frame lumber (left and right) of a window or door opening,
and runs continuously from the bottom sole plate to the top plate.

Front 4

Jack Stud

Back 4

The header is supported by a jack stud at each end. Jacks, sometimes called
trimmers, fit under each end of a header, and they transfer the load that the header carries
down to the bottom plate and the framing beneath. Nailed to the jacks are full‐height studs
called king studs; they support the assembly between the plates. Sometimes jacks must be
doubled on wide openings so there's enough supporting surface for the header to bear on.

Front 5

Double Header

Back 5

Large openings in the wall are made for windows and doors. When the
opening is greater in width than the stud spacing ‐‐ and most windows are wider than 24
in. ‐then a header must be inserted to carry the load of the interrupted stud(s). A header is
a simple beam sized to support the load above the opening it spans. A double header is
simply a beam which has another beam nailed together for support.

Front 6

Cripple Stud

Back 6

In a building frame, a structural element that is shorter than usual, as a stud
above a door opening or below a windowsill.

Front 7

Top Plate

Back 7

Top horizontal member of a frame wall supporting ceiling joists, rafters, or
other members.

Front 8

Ceiling Joist

Back 8

a secondary horizontal framing member attached between the bottom
chords of trusses. One of a series of framing members supporting the drywall or lath and
plaster of a ceiling.

Front 9

Subfloor

Back 9

A rough floor over which a finished floor, flooring material, or carpet is laid.

Front 10

Batten Insulation

Back 10

A flexible blanket‐type thermal insulation, commonly used as
insulation between studs or joists in frame construction; also used as an acoustical material
or a component in sound‐insulating construction. It is usually made from rock, slag, or glass
fibers. Sometimes has a vapor barrier on one side or is entirely enclosed in paper with a
vapor barrier on one side. The size is nominally 16 (40.6 cm) or 24 in. (61 cm) wide, and
approx. 1 to 6 in. (2.5 to 15 cm) thick.

Front 11

Blow‐in Insulation

Back 11

An insulation product composed of loose fibers or fiber pellets that
are blown into building cavities or attics using special pneumatic tools.

Front 12

Orange Peel Texture

Back 12

Texturing which resembles the skin of orange rind.

Front 13

Knockdown Texture

Back 13

A type of finish texture created with sprayed on texturing material
that is spread flat with a trowel before drying.

Front 14

Crow’s Foot Texture

Back 14

A three‐point embroidered design used as a finish, as at the end of a seam or opening.

Front 15

Trowel Texture

Back 15

Skip trowel is a type of wall texturing technique. Instead of utilizing
sponges, brushes, or rollers, skip trowel texturing only requires the use of a heavy trowel.
As skip trowel texturing is applied it creates skips of texturing on the walls. Although this
texturing can be hard to replicate, it is a beautiful addition to any wall. Skip trowel
texturing often looks like stucco and can be combined with appropriate paint for an adobe
look on the walls of your home.

Front 16

Acoustic Texture

Back 16

Acoustic "popcorn" ceiling, also known as a “cottage cheese” ceiling, is a spongy material applied to finished drywall by a compressed‐air sprayer. Like acoustical tile, popcorn ceilings were installed to form an attractive textured surface, dampen sound and reduce or eliminate echoes.

Front 17

Skim Coat

Back 17

The final or finishing coat of plaster.

Front 18

Metal Lath

Back 18

A building material, such as a sheet of metal mesh usually nailed in rows to
framing supports as a substructure for plaster, shingles, slates, or tiles.

Front 19

Scratch Coat

Back 19

The first coat applied in plastering having lines scratched on its surface to improve the bond with the next coat – also called first coat.

Front 20

Wainscot

Back 20

The lower part of an interior wall when finished in a material different from that of the upper part.

Front 21

Kick Plate

Back 21

A protective plate (as of metal or plastic) applied to the bottom of a door or
cabinet or to the riser of a step to prevent marring of the finish by shoe marks.

Front 22

Outside Trim

Back 22

Exterior ornamentation, such as moldings or framework, on a building.

Front 23

Inside Trim

Back 23

Any trim, but especially that around door and window casings, baseboards, stairs, and on the inside of a building.

Front 24

Base Moldings

Back 24

A molding that conceals the joint between an interior wall and the floor. Also called mopboard.

Front 25

Crown Moldings

Back 25

A type of decorative strip used where a wall meets the ceiling, with a curved face and chamfers on the edges; also called cornice.

Front 26

Chair Rail

Back 26

A piece of molding attached to a wall, usually separating the wainscot from the
upper wall, which is used to prevent chair backs from damaging the wall.

Front 27

Base Cabinets

Back 27

Cabinetry used on the floor to provide counter top support and typically is 34 ½ inches tall and 24 inches deep.

Front 28

Upper Cabinets

Back 28

Are cabinets above Base Cabinets and counter top, attached to walls.

Front 29

HVAC Registers

Back 29

A device attached to an air‐distributing duct for the purpose of discharging air into the space to be heated or cooled.

Front 30

Double Hung Window

Back 30

A window having two sashes that slide up and down.

Front 31

Top Sash

Back 31

Is the top movable panel or "sash" that form a frame to hold panes of glass.

Front 32

Bottom Sash

Back 32

The bottom movable panels or "sashes" that form a frame to hold panes of glass.

Front 33

Stool

Back 33

A window is a transparent opening in a wall or door that allows the passage of light
and, if not closed or sealed, air and sound. A stool is a horizontal board on a windowsill,
fitted against the bottom rail of the lower sash and between the sash frame stiles; forms a
base on which the casing rests; usually of wood, but may be of metal or other facing
material.

Front 34

Jamb

Back 34

One of a pair of vertical posts or pieces that together form the sides of a door, window frame, or fireplace.

Front 35

Sill

Back 35

The flat piece of wood, stone, or the like, at the bottom of a window frame.

Front 36

Cabinet Face

Back 36

Solid wood is an effective choice for cabinet parts seen by people such as face frames, doors, drawer fronts, and so forth.

Front 37

Veneer or Laminate Counter Top

Back 37

A counter top which is composed of laminate sheets
that are bonded, using special adhesives, to "substrates" made of plywood, fiberboard or
particle board, which gives the final product its strength and substance. The laminate
surface provides resistance from wear and impact.

Front 38

Solid Counter Top

Back 38

Is a man‐made material usually composed of marble dust, bauxite,
acrylic or polyester resins and pigments. It is most frequently used for seamless counter top
installations.

Front 39

Stone Countertop

Back 39

When you want luxury and durability, stone sounds like a great bet...
but there are some important exceptions when it comes to stone counter top products.

Front 40

Quartz Countertop

Back 40

Quartz is one of the hardest minerals in nature. Countertops made
from it are very strong and durable. Quartz countertops aren't solid stone, though. They're
a manufactured composite made up of quartz embedded in a hard drying epoxy. The
resulting material looks like stone and wears better than any other countertop material on
the market. Engineered stone products get top marks for scratch resistance, heat
resistance, and easy maintenance.

Front 41

Concrete Countertop

Back 41

Currently touted as an eco‐friendly choice for kitchen design, concrete counter tops are gaining in popularity. They offer lots of options for dyeing and texturing. They have to be sealed periodically to keep them from staining, though, and they are susceptible to chipping and cracking.

Front 42

Tile Countertop

Back 42

A classic counter top material that lends itself to lots of design styles.
From a ruggedness standpoint, it's a mixed bag. Tile is heat and mar resistant, but it's prone to chipping and cracking. Discolored and deteriorating grout can cause difficulties, too. You can avoid some of these problems by sticking with quality ceramic and porcelain tile
manufactured for heavy duty use and opting for a narrow‐grout tile design, or a layout that
uses dark instead of light grout.

Front 43

Back Splash

Back 43

A vertical surface (as of tiles) designed to protect the wall behind a stove or
counter top.

Front 44

Sink

Back 44

A plumbing fixture is an exchangeable device which can be connected to an existing
plumbing system to deliver and drain away water but which is also configured to enable a
particular use.

Front 45

Island

Back 45

A free‐standing kitchen cabinet placed below a counter or work surface; the ends
of the cabinet are exposed.

Front 46

Vent‐a‐Hood

Back 46

Ventilation system which captures bi‐products from cooking, such as smoke, odor and takes away from cooking area.

Front 47

Vanity

Back 47

A cabinet that encloses a basin and its water lines and drain, usually furnished with shelves and drawers underneath for storage of toiletries.

Front 48

Medicine Cabinet

Back 48

Cabinet that holds medicine and toiletries.

Front 49

Beveled Mirror

Back 49

Refers to a specific type of finish that adds a fancier, more polished look
to a mirror. Mirrors can be purchased already beveled, or you can have them beveled by a
professional.

Front 50

Surround Panel

Back 50

Meaning the material used to cover the walls around the tub, can be anything from fiberglass to sealed wood, but the classic approach of ceramic tile is still one of the most popular.

Front 51

Tub

Back 51

An open, flat‐bottomed vessel, usually round and typically wider than it is deep, used
for washing, packing, or storing. Note as above, bath tub utilized in washing.

Front 52

Commode

Back 52

A toilet.

Front 53

Tank

Back 53

A receptacle, which holds water, utilized to flush toilet to wash out toilet system.

Front 54

Shower Threshold

Back 54

A strip of plastic/composite material, metal, or stone forming the bottom of a doorway and crossed in entering a shower.

Front 55

Shower Motar Bed “Mud Base”

Back 55

A mortar bed, sloped to the weep holes in the sub‐drain.

Front 56

Finished Tile Floor

Back 56

Top or completed tile floor layer.

Front 57

Shower Pan

Back 57

In a shower compartment or stall, a waterproof barrier (composite, vinyl)
with sides above the finish floor level, and covers the floor area where the floor drain is
located.

Front 58

Green Board

Back 58

A type of gypsum board that has a greater resistance to moisture than
regular (white) gypsum board and is used in bathrooms and other wet areas of dwelling,
i.e. kitchen, bathroom.

Front 59

Dura Rock

Back 59

A type of moisture proof drywall, sometimes referred to a cement board as it
is composed of fiber materials and cement slurry. Allows moisture to pass through rather
than absorbs it as regular drywall does. This will allow longevity to tiled walls.

Front 60

Hardy Board

Back 60

A cement composite, moisture resistance dry wall with ground sand and
materials utilized in wet areas of dwelling. This material is mold resistant and is utilized
for tile application.

Front 61

Shower Drain

Back 61

Fitting installed in the bottom of a shower floor that carries water to the piping below.

Front 62

Plumbing Vent Stacks

Back 62

A pipe above a waste pipe or soil pipe that allows gas to escape from the system.

Front 63

Hot Water Heater

Back 63

A heater and storage tank utilized to supply heated water.

Front 64

Stringer

Back 64

The structural member that supports the treads and risers. There are typically
two stringers, one on either side of the stairs; though the treads may be supported many
other ways. The stringers are sometimes notched so that the risers and treads fit into them. Stringers on open‐sided stairs are often open themselves so that the treads are visible from the side. Such stringers are called "cut" stringers. Stringers on a closed side of the stairs are closed, with the support for the treads routed into the stringer.

Front 65

Risers

Back 65

The vertical portion between each tread on the stair. This may be missing for an "open" stair effect.

Front 66

Treads

Back 66

The part of the stairway that is stepped on. It is constructed to the same thickness
as any other flooring. The tread "depth" is measured from the outer edge of the step to the
vertical "riser" between steps. The "width" is measured from one side to the other.

Front 67

Flex Conduit

Back 67

A flexible raceway which is circular in cross section, esp. constructed for the pulling in or withdrawing of cables or wires, after the conduit and its fittings are in place.

Front 68

Junction Box

Back 68

An enclosure within which electric circuits, such as the electrical wiring for different sections of a building, are connected to other circuits, such as outside power sources. Junction boxes are very common in telecommunications circuitry and are used to protect the connections and provide easy access to them.

Front 69

Switch Box

Back 69

A metal box containing the working parts of an electrical switch.

Front 70

Switch Plate

Back 70

A plate, usually of metal, ceramic, or plastic, covering a switch so that the knob or toggle protrudes.

Front 71

Switch

Back 71

A switch is an electrical component that can break an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another. The most familiar form of switch is a manually operated electromechanical device with one or more sets of electrical contacts, which are connected to external circuits. An electrical switch is a electrical device that breaks the power wire from the device. This is usually involved in lighting. There are many different kinds of electrical switches.

Front 72

Flourescent lamp Florescent Light Fixture

Back 72

A lamp that produces visible light by
fluorescence, especially a glass tube whose inner wall is coated with a material that
fluoresces when an electrical current causes a vapor within the tube to discharge
electrons.

Front 73

Panel Box

Back 73

A fuse panel or distribution board is a component of an electricity supply system
which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a protective
fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit, in a common enclosure.

Front 74

Linoleum Flooring

Back 74

A hard, washable floor covering formed by coating burlap or canvas with linseed oil, powdered cork, and rosin, and adding pigments to create the desired colors and patterns.

Front 75

Hardwood Flooring

Back 75

Wood flooring is any product manufactured from timber that is designed for use as flooring, either structural or aesthetic.

Front 76

Laminate Flooring

Back 76

It's almost impossible to tell difference between a finished laminate
floor and a solid hardwood floor, laminate flooring does not contain any solid wood. It is
made up of multiple layers of moisture resistant high density fiberboard (HDF) bonded
together under pressure with special resins. The surface has individual high definition
photographic image of natural hardwood printed onto melamine impregnated paper. This is fused to the HDF core and topped with a tough, wear‐resistant coating.

Front 77

Engineered wood

Back 77

Also called composite wood, man‐made wood, or manufactured board; includes a range of derivative wood products which are manufactured by binding the
strands, particles, fibers, or veneers of wood, together with adhesives, to form composite
materials.

Front 78

Tile Flooring

Back 78

A thin, flat or convex slab of hard material such as baked clay or plastic, laid in rows to cover floors.

Front 79

Carpet with Pad Flooring

Back 79

Carpet is a textile floor covering consisting of an upper layer of "pile" attached to a backing. The pile is generally either made from wool or a man made fiber such as polypropylene, nylon or polyester and usually consists of twisted tufts which are often heat‐treated to maintain their structure. Pad is a flat mass of soft material used for protection, stuffing, or comfort.

Front 80

Glued Down Carpeting

Back 80

The installation of the carpet backing by adhering it directly to the flooring with an adhesive.

Front 81

French Doors

Back 81

Two adjoining doors that have glass panes from top to bottom and are hinged at opposite sides of a doorway so that they open in the middle.

Front 82

Flush Door

Back 82

A smooth‐surfaced door having faces which are plane and which conceal its rails and stiles or other structure.

Front 83

Panel Door

Back 83

A door constructed with panels, usually shaped to pattern, installed between the stiles and rails that form the outside frame of the door.

Front 84

Overhead Doors

Back 84

A door, of either the swing‐up or the roll‐up type, which, when open, assumes a horizontal position above the door opening; may be a single leaf or constructed of several leaves; often used as a door on a garage. An overhead garage door is one that's built in hinged sections, allowing it to travel up and down tracks as it opens and closes.

Front 85

Overhead Door Track

Back 85

The track is the part that holds and guides the roller assembly. It runs vertically to the top of the garage door, then horizontally parallel to the ceiling. The horizontal track runs parallel to the garage ceiling, and supports and guides the door as it reaches its fully‐open position.

Front 86

Overhead Door Hinges

Back 86

Are used to connect the sections of a garage door, allowing the door to bend as it runs up the vertical track and onto the horizontal track.

Front 87

Pane

Back 87

A pane refers to one section of a door. Pane can be metal, vinyl or wood.

Front 88

Back hangs

Back 88

Are the vertical supports that hold the horizontal track in place, and stop the door from moving around in the track.

Front 89

Common Rafter

Back 89

In wood‐frame construction, one of a number of slanting structural members (extending from the ridge board down to the eaves) that support the roof; these members are usually of the same size and evenly spaced along the length of the roof ridge.

Front 90

Gable End Stud

Back 90

A framing stud that connects the gable end top plate and a rafter directly above the top plate.

Front 91

Collar Tie

Back 91

A board used to prevent the roof framing from spreading or sagging.

Front 92

Ridge Board

Back 92

The horizontal timber or member at the top of a roof, to which the upper ends of the rafters are fastened.

Front 93

Hip Rafters

Back 93

The rafter extending from the wall plate to the ridge and forming the angle of a hip roof.

Front 94

Jack Rafters

Back 94

A rafter having less than the full length of the roof slope, as one meeting a hip or a valley.

Front 95

Fascia

Back 95

A horizontal board fascia covering the joint between the top of a wall and the projecting eaves.

Front 96

Soffit

Back 96

The boards that enclose the underside of that portion of the roof which extends out
beyond the sidewalls of the house.

Front 97

Frieze Board

Back 97

A Board at the top of the house's siding, forming a corner with the soffit.

Front 98

Decking/Sheathing

Back 98

The surface, usually plywood or oriented strand board (OSB), to which roofing materials are applied. The rigid material (often on inch by six inch or one inch by 12 inch boards or sheets of plywood) which is nailed to the rafters, and to which shingles or other outside roofing materials are secured.

Front 99

Felt

Back 99

The "tar paper" used by roofer, usually made of a combination of asphalt and either paper or rags.

Front 100

Ice and Water Shield

Back 100

This component is critical for watertight integrity in critical roofing areas, usually along the roof’s edge. A water tight membrane utilized in roofing to ensure that water does not penetrate openings at joint areas along roof sheathing.

Front 101

Drip Edge

Back 101

A metal strip that extends beyond the other parts of the roof and is used to direct rainwater off.

Front 102

Shingles

Back 102

A thin piece of wood, slate, metal, asbestos, or the like, usu. oblong, laid in overlapping rows to cover the roofs and walls of buildings.

Front 103

Lath Decking/Sheathing

Back 103

A thin, narrow strip of wood, used with other strips to form latticework, a backing for plaster or stucco, a support for slates and other roofing materials, etc.

Front 104

Turtle or Low Profile vents

Back 104

A louver or small dome mounted near the ridge of the roof to allow the passage of air through the attic.

Front 105

Pipe Jacks

Back 105

A device used to seal vent pipe protrusions from the roofing surface.

Front 106

Turbine Vents

Back 106

A ventilator, usually mounted on the roof of a building, deck of a ship, etc., having at its head a rotor that is rotated by the wind, conveying air through a duct to and from a chamber below.

Front 107

Ridge Vent

Back 107

Is a type of vent installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape a building's attic. Ridge vents are most common on shingled residential buildings.

Front 108

Brick

Back 108

A molded rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln until hard and used as a building and paving material.

Front 109

Vinyl Siding

Back 109

Vinyl siding is plastic exterior cladding for a house, used for decoration and weatherproofing, as an alternative to traditional wood.

Front 110

Hardy Siding

Back 110

Fiber cement siding is a building material used to cover the exterior of a building in both commercial and domestic applications. Fiber cement is a composite material made of sand, cement and cellulose fibers.

Front 111

Gutters

Back 111

A trough fixed under or along the eaves for draining rainwater from a roof.

Front 112

Gutter Hangers

Back 112

Aluminum brackets used to hang gutters with no visible fastener.

Front 113

Downspout

Back 113

A vertical pipe for carrying rainwater down from a roof gutter.

Front 114

Elbow

Back 114

A pre‐built piece of downspout that makes a bend.

Front 115

End Cap

Back 115

Flat formed piece that is placed at the end of a gutter section.

Front 116

Leaf Screen/Guard

Back 116

A special leaf guard that prevents debris accumulation and guarantees maintenance‐free gutter performance.