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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sound |
A form of energy that produces the sensation of hearing in our ears. It is produced by vibration. |
A form of energy. |
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Amplitude |
Maximum displacement of a vibrating particle to either side of its mean position. Denoted by the letter 'a'. SI unit: meter (m). |
Directly proportional to volume. |
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Time Period |
Time taken by a particle to complete one vibration and return to its mean position. Denotion: 'T'. SI unit: second (s). |
Related to frequency. |
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Frequency |
Number of vibrations by a particle in one second. Denotion: 'f', 'n', or 'ν'(greek letter nu). SI unit: hertz (Hz). |
1/Time period |
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Wavelength |
Book definition: The distance travelled by a wave in one time period of vibration of a particle of the medium.
Recommended definition: The distance between two consecutive compressions, two rarefactions, two crests, or two troughs. Denotion: 'λ' (greek letter lambda) SI unit: meter (m) |
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Wave Velocity |
Distance travelled by a wave in one second. It is constant for a given medium. Denotion: 'V' SI unit: meter per second (m/s) |
Speed |
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Infrasonic Sound |
Any sound with a frequency below 20Hz. |
Low frequency |
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Ultrasonic Sound |
Any sound with a frequency above 20000 Hz (20 kHz). |
High frequency |
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Supersonic |
Objects that travel faster than the speed of sound in air (330 m/s, or Mach 1). Ex- Concord planes; some fighter jets. |
Speed |
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Hearing Range of Bats |
10 Hz- 100 kHz |
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Hearing Range of Cats |
80 Hz- 60 kHz |
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Hearing Range of Dogs |
20 Hz- 50 kHz |
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Hearing Range of Dolphins |
200 Hz- 150 kHz |
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Hearing Range of Grasshoppers |
90 Hz- 1 kHz |
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Hearing Range of Humans |
20 Hz- 20 kHz |
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Wave Velocity Formula |
Wave Velocity= Distance/Time OR Wave Velocity = Frequency * Wavelength |
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Speed of Sound in Air |
330 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Water |
1450 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Steel |
5100 m/s |
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Speed of Sound Carbon dioxide |
260 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Hydrogen |
1270 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Alchohol |
1210 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Turpentine |
1325 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Copper |
3560 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Glass |
5500 m/s |
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Speed of Sound in Granite |
6000 m/s |
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Increase in Speed of Sound with Temperature |
0.61 m/s increase in the speed of sound for every 1 degree Celcius rise in temperature. |
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Speed of sound at Specific Tmeperature Formula |
Speed of sound at specific temperature = Speed of sound at 0 degree Celcius + 0.61 * temperature |
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Wavelength Formula |
Wavelength = Wave Velocity * Time Period |
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Properties of Ultrasound |
1. Energy carried by ultrasound is very high. 2. Ultrasound can travel in a well- defined straight path. |
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Most Sensitive Hearing Range of Human Ears |
2 kHz- 3kHz |
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Name some animals which can produce sounds of frequencies less than 20 Hz |
Elephants; Whales |
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