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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Words that refer to a noun which was mentioned before (the antecedent) are known as?
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Pronouns.
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Personal pronouns in first person singular and plural are?
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I and WE.
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Personal pronouns in second person singular and plural are?
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YOU and YOU.
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Personal pronouns in the third person singular and plural are?
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HE/SHE/IT and THEY.
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When referring to himself or herself, the speaker uses I, which is?
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The first person singular
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Pronouns are noun substitutes and are used as anaphors, i.e.,?
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Words used to avoid repetition.
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Pronouns such as I, You, He/she/it, We, You and They are known as?
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Personal (Subjective) Pronouns
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When the speaker is referring to a group of people including him or herself, WE is used, which is?
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The first person plural.
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The personal (subjective) pronoun “I” is what form?
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First person singular
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The second person singular of a personal (subjective) pronoun is?
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You.
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When referring to the addressee(s), YOU is used, which is?
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The second person singular or plural.
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The third person singular of a personal (subjective) pronoun is?
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He/she/it
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“We” is what form of the personal (subjective) pronoun?
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First person plural.
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The archaic form of YOU, in the singular, is?
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THOU. (The second-person singular pronoun.)
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None
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The plural “You” is what form of the personal (subjective) pronoun?
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Second person plural.
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The third person plural of the personal (subjective) pronoun is?
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They.
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Any person place or thing other than the speaker and the addressed is referred to in?
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The third person either singular or plural.
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Can personal (subjective) pronouns function as the subject of a sentence?
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Yes.
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Can a noun and a personal (subjective) pronoun be used together?
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No (Joan she is a nurse.)
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Can personal (subjective) pronouns refer to something or somebody that is involved in the conversation or is present?
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Yes.
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The personal (subjective) pronoun “it” refers to?
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Things, animals or impersonal expressions. (It is raining. It is hard to understand. What time is it?)
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Pronouns such as me, you, him, her, it, us, you, and them are known as?
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Objective pronouns.
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Objective pronouns function as the recipient of?
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An action.
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Are objective pronouns used as the direct or indirect object of a verb?
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Yes.
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A direct object of the verb names the person or things the subject?
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Acts upon. (Look at him!)
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A direct object answers the question?
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“What?” or “whom?” about the verb.
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An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that can answer the question?
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“For whom?”, “to whom?” or “for what?” about the verb. (The woman gave them some food. Can you tell me the way to the station?)
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Objective pronouns can be the object of a preposition?
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Yes. (Have you talked to them? I am going with him.)
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Objective pronouns can be used after the verb “to be” in what type of cases?
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It wasn’t me. Who is it? It’s me.
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Pronouns such mine, yours, his hers, its, ours, yours and theirs are known as?
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Possessive pronouns.
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Pronouns that point out people, places or things and indicate proximity relationship are known as?
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Demonstrative pronouns.
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None
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Can demonstrative pronouns behave as determiners?
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Yes.
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What demonstrative pronouns can convey a sense of distance and time?
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This, that, these or those.
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Should demonstrative pronouns agree in number with the nouns they modify?
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Yes. (This & that are singular and these &those are plural)
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When demonstrative pronouns function as subjects how do they relate with the verb?
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They agree with the verb.
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What different functions can demonstratives have?
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Pronouns, determiners, subjects
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As demonstrative pronouns they identify?
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Nouns. [This is great! (the place) I will tell her that! (the news)]
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As determiners, demonstratives can?
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Modify a noun, functioning as adjectives. (This man…, these candies…, that girl…, those students…)
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As subjects, demonstratives?
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Always agree with the verb. (That is what I told you. Those look big.)
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In sentences can demonstratives be found as subjects, direct objects or objects of a preposition?
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Yes. (That is what I told you. Give me that. Listen to this.)
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Pronouns such as myself, yourself, himself/herself/itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves are known as?
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Reflexive pronouns.
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Reflexive pronouns are formed by adding -self (singular) or -selves (plural) to?
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Possessive adjectives, such as my, your, our or objective pronouns, such as him, her, it, them.
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Reflexive pronouns can be used to give emphasis to the subject?
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Yes. (I myself saw the accident. The city itself was so dirty that we left soon.)
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Reflexive pronouns can be used as the direct or indirect object?
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Of the verb. [He taught himself. (direct) Buy yourself a new coat. (indirect))
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To show that someone does something without any help can reflexive pronouns be used?
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Yes. (She made the cake herself. I’ll print the copy myself.)
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When used with “by” reflexive pronouns express?
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That someone is alone. (She’s by herself. He sat down to have his lunch by himself.)
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What transitive verbs can be used with reflexive pronouns?
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Cut, introduce, blame, kill, teach, hurt, prepare, look after, talk to, burn, kick, lock and help.
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Are transitive verbs followed by an indirect or direct object?
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Yes. (He cut himself when peeling the potatoes. I introduced myself to Mr. Brown.)
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Pronouns such somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, anything, nothing, and every thing, are known as?
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Indefinite pronouns.
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Indefinite pronouns are used to talk about people or things without saying?
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Who or what they are. Everyone in the office stayed in. Somebody is knocking at the door.
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When functioning as subjects, indefinite pronouns are followed by a verb in?
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Singular. (Everyone is tired. Is anyone at home? Does anyone like the idea?)
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What indefinite pronouns are normally used in affirmative sentences?
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Somebody/something/someone. (He's got something in mind. Somebody is at the door.)
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What indefinite pronouns ca be used in interrogative sentences when we expect a positive answer, especially when we make an offer?
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Somebody/something/someone. (Would you like something to eat? Shall we meet somewhere here?)
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What indefinite pronouns ca be used in interrogative sentences and negative ones?
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Anything, anybody, anyone, anywhere. (There isn't anybody at home. I do not want to go anywhere.)
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When using anything, anybody, anyone, or anywhere in negative sentences, in what form must the verb be in?
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Negative verb form. (There isn’t anybody. NOT – There isn’t nobody.)
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What negative words can be used with anything, anybody, anyone, or anywhere?
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Never, seldom, rarely, without…." (I have never eaten anything like this.)
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When used in affirmative sentences, anything, anybody, anyone, or anywhere, is the meaning the same?
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No. [Anyone can do this exercise (it doesn't matter who). Lets meet anywhere (it doesn't matter where)]
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When the is in the affirmative form and you want to use them in negative sentences instead of NOT ANY, what indefinite pronouns can you use?
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Nothing, nobody, no one, nowhere. (I can see nothing. But: I can't see anything.)
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Other indefinite pronouns are?
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Each, either, one, both, most, other, any, every, neither, ones, many, none, some, no, few, several, all, much, another
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Most of these indefinite pronouns take the singular form of the verb?
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Yes.
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Each, either, one, both, most, other, any, every, neither, ones, many, none, some, no, few, several, all, much, another can modify the noun as?
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As determiners. (Neither of the students was late. Each student will be examined in turns. Most people like soccer. I don't have much money.)
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What type of pronouns are what, which, who, where, when, why, whom, whose and how?
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Interrogative pronouns.
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Interrogative pronouns are always found in questions, but can some of them act as relative pronouns?
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Yes.
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When the subject is mentioned, wh- questions need to be followed by?
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An auxiliary/modal subject. [Who did you call? But who called you? (Who in this case is referring to the subject, therefore no auxiliary is used.)
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Each other and one another are examples of?
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Reciprocal pronouns
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Reciprocal pronouns show that?
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Two people are acting on each other. (Mary and Peter love each other. We looked at one another in awe.)
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Two clauses can be joined by what type of pronoun?
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Relative pronouns.
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Relative pronouns always refer to?
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Another part of the sentence.
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Relative pronouns, which and that can be omitted when?
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They are the object of the relative clause. (That was the subject I was taking about.)
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“Who or that” cannot be omitted when?
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They function as the subject of the relative clause.
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