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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Light Microscope |
lenses that bend light. Bending light waves from tiny objects apart. |
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Scanning electron microscope |
High resolution of specimen surfaces |
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All living cells share... |
cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes, life processes such as 1. metabolism 2. reproduction 3. growth 4. exchange with surrounding |
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measurement of cells |
1um= 10^-6 m |
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measurement of viruses and molecules |
1nm= 10^-9 m |
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Most bacteria are _____ while others are ________ |
1. monomorphic (1 shape) . 2. polymorphic (many shapes) |
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Pairs of bacteria are known as... |
Diplococci, diplobacilli |
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Clusters of bacteria are known as... |
Staphylococci |
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Chains of bacteria are known as... |
Streptococci, streptobacilli |
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1. Monotrichous 2. Lophotrichous 3. Amphitrichous 4. Peritrichous |
1. single flagella at one end. 2. Small bunches emerging from same side. 3. flagella at both ends. 4. flagella dispersed over surface of cell. |
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Fimbriae |
Also known as pili. Used for attachment and bacterial sex. |
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Glycocalyx |
External to the cell wall. 2 types: slime layer and capsule. Protects cell from dehydration and loss of nutrients! Attachment of these are called biofilms. |
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Cell wall |
Prevents bursting, holds its shape, attaches to outer structures, contains peptidoglycan |
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Peptidoglycan |
1. Long glycan chains. 2. Linked by peptides which are short proteins. |
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Gram positive bacteria |
thick wall of peptidoglycan. Includes teichoic acid andlipoteichoic acid |
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Gram negative bacteria |
outer membrane, thin peptidoglycan layer. Contains porin proteins. Toxic, therefore making it harder to stain. |
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Difference between a nucleoid and nucleus |
A nuclei is not bound by a lipid membrane as apposed to the nucleus/ |
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Plasmids |
They're small circles of DNA. Can replicate on their own. |
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Bacterial internal structures |
inclusions and granules (storage bodies), cytoskeleton, endospores |
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Endospores |
Inactive, resist boiling. |
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Bacteriology |
resource covering all known prokaryotes. Archaea and Bacteria. Five major subgroups with 25 different phyla |
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Unusual bacteria |
A.) Cyanobacteria. B.) Green and purple sulfur bacteria C.) Fruiting and gliding bacteria |
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Cyanobacteria |
Found in water, soil. One of the most abundant microorganisms on earth. Invented chlorophyl to capture sunlight |
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Green and purple sulfur |
Photosynthetic Anaerobic Do not give off oxygen as a product of photosynthesis...rather sulfur products. |
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Fruiting and Gliding bacteria |
Glide over moist surfaces, moves in groupscalled wolf packs to eat E. coli Group digestion more efficient Fruiting to survive stress. Colonial mass |
