Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Gilded Age |
A book written by Mark Twain & Charles Dudley. They thought American society was gilded or coated with cheap gold paint; meaning that despite the positive appearance, America was corrupt & ugly on the inside. |
|
|
|
Political machines |
Organizations that guaranteed votes at election time (both legal & illegal) |
Ex: printing election listing listing only their candidates, paid people to vote, hired the people to count the votes |
|
|
Bosses |
Political leaders whom controlled elections through bribery & payoffs |
Ex: votes for money or jobs, allowing illegal businesses |
|
|
William (Boss) Tweed |
NYC’s political machine boss who stole from the city |
Working class liked him b/c he gave jobs & money |
|
|
Tammany Hall |
New York City’s political machine |
|
|
|
Tariff |
Taxes on imports & exports. |
|
|
|
Pendleton Civil Service Act |
Established a merit system that used competitive exams to award government jobs based on merit (ability) not loyalty |
|
|
|
Spoils system/ patronage |
The party in control of government gave government jobs to loyal party members. Not b/c they were good workers but b/c they were loyal |
|
|
|
Merit jobs |
How well you do a job |
|
|
|
Progressives |
Group of reformers who worked to improve American society |
Ex. of reform: -Urban reform -Conservation -Regulating child labor -Political reform |
|
|
Muckrakers |
Journalists who were also progressives |
|
|
|
Direct Primary |
Allowed voters to choose candidates directly rather then relying on party leaders to select candidates. |
|
|
|
Recall |
Sign a petition asking for a special election to remove an elected official who is already in office. |
|
|
|
Referendum |
Sign a petition to vote to remove (repeal) a law |
|
|
|
Initiative |
Sign a petition to help propose new law for all to vote |
|
|
|
National Park Service |
Created to supervise the parks, monuments & wildlife refuges. |
|
|
|
Roberts “Fighting Bob” LaFollette |
Created the Wisconsin Idea |
|
|
|
Wisconsin Idea |
Created by Governor LaFollette to reduce the influence of political machines & professionalize state government. |
|
|
|
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire |
A tragic accident that led to many new laws. |
|
|
|
Northern Securities Company |
The first trust Roosevelt went after. |
|
|
|
City commission |
Government run by a group of elected officials instead of one person. |
|
|
|
City council |
Helped make decisions instead of just having a mayor. |
|
|
|
Capitalism |
Private businesses run most industry & competition determines how much good costs. |
|
|
|
Socialism 16th |
Government or the workers own & operate a nation’s industry. |
|
|
|
Florence Kelley |
He led crusades against child labor by lobbying for labor laws to protect women & children. |
|
|
|
16th amendment |
Allowed the federal government to put taxes on people’s income ( only on the wealthy). |
|
|
|
17th amendment |
Allowed Americans to vote directly for US senators. |
|
|
|
18th amendment |
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcohol. |
Made in 1919 |
|
|
19th amendment |
Women got the right to vote. |
Made in 1920 |
|
|
Suffrage |
The right to vote. |
|
|
|
Tempérance movement |
Prohibiting alcohol |
|
|
|
Women’s Christian Temperance Union |
Female progressives argued that alcohol was to blame for many of societies problems. |
|
|
|
The Jungle |
A novel that described the practices in the meat packing industry. |
|
|
|
Upton Sinclair |
Wrote The Jungle |
|
|
|
Theodore Roosevelt |
He became President after William McKinley is assassinated by a political radical |
|
|
|
Square deal |
Roosevelt‘s political platform. He believes that the interest of business, labor (workers), consumers, and government should be balanced to protect the public good. |
|
|
|
Trust busting |
To break up the bad trusts |
|
|
|
Arbitration |
A formal meeting to talk about & settle disagreements |
|
|
|
Meet inspection act |
Required inspections of meatpacking plants |
|
|
|
Pure food & drug act |
Banned the manufacture, sale, or transportation of mislabeled or contaminated food & drugs. |
|
|
|
Conservation |
Protection of nature & its resources, protect but also replace if used |
|
|
|
President William Howard Taft |
•Not an active President • Followed the “letter of the law” •Law not public opinion should guide the actions of government •Didn’t think government should interfere • Cabinet was filled with corporate lawyers |
|
|
|
Election of 1912 |
Roosevelt went against Taft & Woodrow Wilson. Wilson wins. |
|
|
|
Bull moose party |
The nickname of the progressive party formed by Roosevelt |
|
|
|
New nationalism |
Roosevelt’s plan to improve government including need for a strong exclusive, active business regulation, & more social reforms. |
|
|
|
Woodrow Wilson |
Pro-reform candidate, becomes the first democrat to win in 20 years |
|
|
|
Clayton antitrust act |
Made federal laws against monopolies even stronger. Also stated that labor unions have the right to bargain collectively & go on strike |
|
|
|
Underwood tariff act |
Led to the lowest tariffs in years but it lead to loss of income for the government |
|
|
|
Federal reserve act |
Law that created a national banking system controlled by the federal reserve bank which made banking more stable |
|
