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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Life expectancy of MS patient?
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Nearly normal; MS does not significantly decrease life span
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Life expectancy of Parkinson's patient?
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Nearly normal; Parkinson's does not significantly decrease life span
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Life expectancy of ALS patient?
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Shorter than normal; patients die 1-5 years after diagnosis; average is 3 years
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Does MS affect more men or women?
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2-3x more women than men
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Does Parkinson's affect more men or women?
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About equal
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Does ALS affect more men or women?
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70% more men
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How does MS present?
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-Could be anywhere
-Optic nerve is often first affected -Symptoms wax and wane |
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How does Parkinson's present?
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-Tremor in arms
-Shuffling gait -Trunk - posture |
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How does ALS present?
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-Weakness in hands
-Drop foot -Move distal to proximal, lateral to medial |
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Cause of MS?
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Autoimmune, possibly triggered by virus
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Cause of Parkinson's?
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Unknown, but suspected to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors
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Cause of ALS?
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Unknown
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Where are nerve lesions in MS located?
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Various parts of brain and spinal cord
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Where are nerve lesions in Parkinson's located?
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Brain stem and other deep mid-brain structure
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Where are nerve lesions in ALS located?
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Brain stem (motor nuclei - muscle nerve centers)
Spinal Cord (motor neuron tracts (nerve bundles or cables that activate muscles) |
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MS incidence rate
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1 in 100
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Parkinson's incidence rate
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1 in 100
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ALS incidence rate
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Less than 1 in 1000
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Etiology
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cause, origin
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Incidence and Prevalence
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rates of occurrence
percent of population affected |
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Symptom
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subjective - something the patient is experiencing
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Signs
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Objective - things the doctor discovers and can observe
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MS Etiology
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-Autoimmune
-Body attacks myelin sheath around axons of brain and spinal cord - Cause unknown, but viral infection may be trigger -Demyelination results in scarring -result is reduced ability to carry electric impulses -Location of demyelination varies |
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Systems affected by MS: (7)
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1. Visual
2. Motor 3. Sensory 4. Cognitive 5. Psycologial 6. Bowel 7. Bladder |
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MS more frequent in population closer to/further from the equator
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further from
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(genetic) incidence of MS
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-More in those of European Ancestry, especially Scandinavian and Scottish
- Caucasions 2x more likely than other races -Immediate family 12-20x more likely -The closer the relationship, the higher the incidence |
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Visual signs and symptoms for MS
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-Diplopia (double vision)
-Unilateral optic neuritis |
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Sensory signs and symptoms for MS
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-dysthesia (abnormal sensations)
-parathesia (prickling, tingling) |
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Excretory signs and symptoms for MS
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Urinary incontinence or retention
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Motor signs and symptoms for MS
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1. Weakness
2. Coordination 3. Fatigue 4. Ataxia (lack of coordination) 5. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) 6. Dysarthria (difficulty with speech) 7. Cognitive difficulties 8. Emotional disturbances |
