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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adam Smith |
economic philosophies "the wealth of Nations" explains capitalism – "laissez faire" says government should be hands-off |
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muckrakers |
people try to make other people aware of the need for change examples: Jacob Riis, upton Sinclair, booker t Washington, web dubois |
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Who were the progressives? |
middle class professionals muckrakers political reformers women |
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goals of reformers |
make government more responsive to people protect or promote social welfare promote moral development Secure economic reform (let poor work their way up) regulation of corporations and monopolies |
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Jane Adams social Gospel movement |
hull house, Chicago offers basic safety promoted public health reform in cities education programs for residents |
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Upton Sinclair |
wrote the jungle; intended to bring to life The conditions of workers in New York City in meat factory production |
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consumer protection |
pure food and drug act 1906 companies had to label ingredients |
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election of 1900 |
William McKinley vs William Jennings Bryan McKinley assassinated, teddy Roosevelt president |
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Government Reform |
people couldn't vote, not equal rights |
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municipal reform |
City bosses and utilities use of commissioners directly elected by the people City managers are efficiency experts- defuses power |
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political progressivism |
give voters a chance have a say in the officials 17th amendment: direct election of Senators |
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Teddy the trustbuster |
Big business requires big government, believed in government regulation |
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1902 coal strike PA |
people wanted reduced work hours and increased pay both sides waited it out until teddy Roosevelt interceded first time president intercedes with business |
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Roosevelts Square deal |
helps the poor if they work for it |
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Northern securities Co. vs US |
Railroad company created holding companies to take out competition unfair business practice – broke up Northern securities |
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Sherman antitrust act |
investigates unfair business practices dismantles businesses for the good of people/progressive era |
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mueller vs oregon |
Oregon required molar to limit hours for women and improve working conditions court put a limit of hours and place because women need protection factories hired a man because women were inferior |
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Lochner vs New York |
defeat to progressive movement New York made it legal for bakeries to work 10 to 11 hours a day court says officials are overstepping their power |
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Elkins act |
abolished all rebates regulated railroads with rebates |
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Hepburn act |
gave power to establish rates for industry regulated railroads with rebates |
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Margaret Sanger |
advocate of eugenics- intended for women to have birth-control |
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reasons for conservation- TR |
Government pay little attention to natural resources overgrazing and private interests buying up wilderness pollution for industrialization increased population equals increased consumption |
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Roosevelt panic of 1907 |
Wall Street, frightened runs on banks paved the way for long overdue monetary reforms |
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approaches to obtaining suffrage |
state-by-state – issue: time court cases to test 14th amendment – issue: time constitutional amendment – issue: support from opposed states |
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National woman's party |
Alice Paul – head constitutional amendment – unladylike strategies Carrie Chapman catt - led NAWSA state-by-state – ladylike manner |
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William Howard Taft 1908 to 1912 |
supposed to follow Roosevelt's lead Taft foreign-policy |
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Taft vs trusts |
supreme Court in standard oil – restricted free trade restraint of trade violation rule of reason |
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Taft split the Republican Party |
progressives and moderate progressives within the Republican Party |
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payne – Aldrich bill |
believed Taft was a traitor to the movement |
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Ballinger – Pinchot affair 1910 |
issue: Richard Ballinger opened land to sell to businesses Gifford Pinchot |
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Taft vs Roosevelt |
1911 – national progressive Republican league Roosevelt willing to accept nomination Lafollette Wisconsin |
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tea party |
conservative wing of Republicans |
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Woodrow Wilson- the new freedom |
against social welfare, programs to break trusts, against women suffrage favored small enterprise, entrepreneurship |
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Teddy Roosevelt – new nationalism |
Women suffrage, rationalizing trusts, social welfare programs |
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Eugene V Debs |
socialist party candidate – 6% of the vote |
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socialist party platform |
railroads and utilities – run by government no tariffs eight hour workday women's suffrage |
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Booker T. Washington |
started Tuskegee Institute to educate them so african-Americans could prove their workforce |
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WEB dubois |
NAACP – demand equality |
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election of 1912 |
Wilson wins by 42% |
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triple wall of privilege |
forceful with Congress first: underwood tariff- tariff reform, lowers tariffs Second: Federal trade commission act- business reform, oversees business activity Clayton antitrust act third: Federal Reserve act- banking reform, created stability for banks |
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Clayton antitrust act |
increased list of objectional practices benefits to labor: exempts labor from antitrust prosecution, legalized strikes |
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16th amendment |
permanent federal income tax |
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Federal Reserve act |
created the fed broke country into 12 independent bank zones which government oversees discuss economic policies, can act without president approval provides availability to cash |
