Progressive Era

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progressivism

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a political attitude favoring or advocating changes or reform.

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RE Olds

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a pioneer of the American automotive industry, for whom both the Oldsmobile and Reo brands were named. He claimed to have built his first steam car as early as 1894, and his first gasoline powered car in 1896.

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Model T

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an automobile that was produced by Henry Ford's Ford Motor Company from 1908 through 1927.

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Tin Lizzie

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Another name for the model T.

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United Fruit

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a United States corporation that traded in tropical fruit (primarily bananas) grown on third world plantations and sold in the United States and Europe.

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General Electric

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an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in the State of New York. Brought together by Thomas Edison.

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Frederick Winslow Taylor

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an American mechanical engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency. He is regarded as the father of scientific management and was one of the first management consultants.

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"Principles of Scientific Management"

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a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity.

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Triangle Shirtwaist Co.

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one of the largest industrial disasters in the history of the city of New York, causing the death of 146 garment workers, most of them women, who either died from the fire or jumped from the fatal height.

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WTUL

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the womens trade union league was a group of women that started in boston from 1903 to 1950. the women trade union was a group of women that protected other women from busy workdays and hours. it also helped from taxes.

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RFD

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refers to the delivery of mail in what are traditionally considered rural areas. In the United States, rural letter carriers began service with the introduction of Rural Free Delivery in 1891.

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Rockefeller Sanitary Commission

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The Rockefeller Sanitary Commission was established in 1909 by John D. Rockefeller "to bring about a cooperative movement of the medical profession, public health officials, boards of trade, churches, schools, the press, and other agencies for the cure and prevention of hookworm disease." From its offices in Washington, D.C., the Commission furnished the initial impetus for the public health campaign against hookworm

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Newlands Act

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was sponsored by Senator Francis G. Newlands of Nevada and drafted by Bureau of Labor Statistics Commissioner Charles Patrick Neill. It created the Board of Mediation and Conciliation (BMC).

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David Graham Phillips

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is known for producing one of the most important investigations exposing details of the corruption by big businesses of the Senate, in particular, by the Standard Oil Company. He was among a few other writers during that time that helped prompt President Theodore Roosevelt to use the term “Muckrakers”.

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Sheppard-Towner Act

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The act provided for federally financed instruction in maternal and infant health care and gave 50-50 matching funds to individual US States to build women’s health care clinics.

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Margaret Sanger

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was an American birth control activist and the founder of the American Birth Control League.

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Niagara Movement

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The Niagara Movement was a call for opposition to racial segregation and disenfranchisement as well as policies of accommodation and conciliation promoted by African American leaders such as Booker T. Washington.

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NAACP

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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. The NAACP was founded by a diverse group on February 12, 1909 by WEB Dubois (African American), Ida Wells-Barnett (African American), Henry Moscowitz (Jewish), Mary White Ovington (Caucasian), Oswald Garrison Villard (German-born Caucasian), and William English Walling (Caucasian, and son of a former slave owning family) to work on behalf of the rights of colored people including Native Americans, African Americans, as well as Jews.

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Guinn v US

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was an important United States Supreme Court decision that dealt with provisions of state constitutions that set qualifications for voters. It found grandfather clause exemptions to literacy tests to be unconstitutional.

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Buchanon v Worley

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was a unanimous United States Supreme Court decision addressing racial segregation in residential areas. The Court held that a Louisville, Kentucky, ordinance requiring residential segregation based on race violated the Fourteenth Amendment.

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padroni

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a person who secures employment especially for Italian immigrants

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Leonidas Skliris

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According to the internet, this person is greek... and a spartan.

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Birds of Passage

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A person who moves from place to place frequently.

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Americanization

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is the term outside the U.S. used to describe the influence of the United States on the popular culture, technology, business practices, political techniques or language, of other countries.

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coyotes

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Labor sharks, mostly towards mexicans.

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barrios

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is a Spanish word meaning district or neighborhood.

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Samuel Gompers

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an English-born American labor union leader and a key figure in American labor history. Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor (AFL), and served as that organization's president from 1886 to 1894 and from 1895 until his death in 1924.

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IWW (Wobblies)

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is an international union. At its peak in 1923, the organization claimed some 100,000 members in good standing, and could marshal the support of perhaps 300,000 workers. Its membership declined dramatically after a 1924 split brought on by internal conflict. IWW membership does not require that one work in a represented workplace, nor does it exclude membership in another labor union.

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Bill Haywood

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known as Big Bill Haywood, was a founding member and leader of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and a member of the Executive Committee of the Socialist Party of America.

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Five Dollar Day

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The guarantee to the employees that they would earn 5 dollars, for their 8 hours of work a day.

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Amoskeag

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was a textile manufacturer which founded Manchester, New Hampshire. From modest beginnings in near wilderness, it grew throughout the 19th century into the largest cotton textile plant in the world. At its peak, Amoskeag was unrivaled both for the quality and quantity of its products. But with great size came an inability to adapt. In the early 20th century, the business failed in changing economic and social conditions.

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Irving Berlin

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was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in history.

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DW Griffith

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was a premier pioneering American film director.[1] He is best known as the director of the controversial and groundbreaking 1915 film The Birth of a Nation and the subsequent film Intolerance (1916)

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ASCAP

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is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that protects its members' musical copyrights by monitoring public performances of their music, whether via a broadcast or live performance, and compensating them accordingly.

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Ashcan School

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is defined as a realist artistic movement that came into prominence in the United States during the early twentieth century, best known for works portraying scenes of daily life in New York's poorer neighborhoods.