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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The keyword ________ signals the presence of conditional execution.
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IF
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Alice software creates a simulation in a __ environment.
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3D
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Each object added to an Alice world is constructed in _______ dimensions.
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three
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The one purpose of the center point of an object is to _______________.
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provide a reference for a spin type of movement
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An Alice object understands movement commands in up, down, left, right, forward, and backward directions based on ______________.
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the object's own sense of direction
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Alice is based on the use of ___________ .
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creating objects
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Name one of the available "templates" Alice uses to compose an initial scene.
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dirt, grass, sand, snow, space, or water
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What is the key to computer programming?
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To get a handle on the fundamental ideas
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The center of the world is initially loacted at what coordinates?
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(0,0,0)
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The keyword ________ signals the presence of looping.
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While
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Writing the code of a computer program is known as _____________ the program.
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implementing
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The concept of writing one program statement inside of another program statement is known as ___________.
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nesting
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What is the name for a block of program code that defines how to perform a specific task?
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A method
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What allows the programmer to tell Alice whether to perform actions in order, or simultaneously?
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control statements
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Textual storyboards serve as what?
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as an alternative to visual storyboards
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What is the purpose of the "+" to the left of some objects' names in the Object tree?
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to give the programmer access to the subparts of an object
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Indentation does what two things?
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1. makes textual storyboards easier to read
2. is absolutely necessary |
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____________ in a storyboard are not required to fit collectively onto one large sheet of paper.
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Snapshots
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What happens when the fog density property is set to 0.0 in an Alice World?
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The objects in the Alice world will be completely visible
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Even with the introduction of If/Else and Loop statements, the use of______________is still necessary for writing pseudocode in a textual storyboard.
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indentation
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It is acceptable to have the " else " section of an If/Else control structure in Alice, " do ________".
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nothing
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a statement that executes to make objects perform a certain action
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instruction
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a statement that controls the execution of a block of instructions
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control structure
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asks a question about a condition or computes a value
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function
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a math operation on numbers or other kinds of values
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expression
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In Alice, objects have built-in functions which allow the programmer to get information about the properties of objects. These functions are listed on the functions tab of the details panel, which is divided into sub-categories. Which of the following are sub-categories (rather than a specific built-in function)?
opacity, proximity, spatial relation, point of view |
opacity, proximity, spatial relation and point of view
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What is a method?
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a coordinated sequence of instructions that will be carried out when requested
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What is one goal that object-oriented programming helps the user achieve?
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It helps organize large programs by breaking down the coding into small manageable pieces.
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Animation methods that are written to carry out responses to events are known as ____________.
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event handling methods
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What does it mean to say that the real world around us is interactive.
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We give instructions to objects in our world.
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Functions leave the state of the ________ unchanged.
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world
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What is it called when an animation performed by a method moves, turns, or performs some other action with objects in the world?
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Changing the state
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The value in a function :
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can be a number, an object, a Boolean(true/false) or another type.
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What is one benefit of a function?
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it allows us to think about the overall process rather than all the nitty gritty little details
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A _______is an example of an abtraction, collecting lot of small steps into one meaningful idea to allow us to think on a higher plane.
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function
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Orientation is done with what method?
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orient to method
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When do you need to build your own function?
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When none of the built in functions of an object accomplish the task you want the object to do.
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If an object is moving relative to itself, not relative to the ground (the object turns but won't execute a move forward command), what is the solution?
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Use asSeenBy = ground in the move statement
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A new function is catagorized by the ____ of information it returns.
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type
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What are the types of functions?
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Number, Boolean, Object, Other (such as String, Color, and Sound)
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Every function must have a _____ statement
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return
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You can't remove the _________ statement
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Return
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What is the formula for determining the number of revolutions an object must take?
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number of revolutions = distance/diameter * 3.14)
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To control whether a block of instructions is executed or a method is called
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If/Else statment
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A statement that makes a decision based on the value of a condition as a program is running
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if/else statement
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An if statement contains a ______ condition used to determine whether the segment of code will execute
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Boolean
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When does the Else statment execute in an IF/Else statemenet
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When the if statement is false
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Used to combine simple Boolean expressions into complex expressions
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Logical operators and, or,not
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Can be used to compare values in a Boolean expression
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relational operators
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The random number function returns what fractional vallue
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between 0 and 1
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How do you change the range in a random number function?
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Enter values in the minimum value and maximum value on the more tile of the random number function
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A "Loop" statement is referred to as a(n) _____________.
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counted loop
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If the count of a "Loop" is set to infinite, how many times will the loop actually repeat?
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the loop will stop when the program stops
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The "Loop" statement should only be used when :
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we know how many times a block of instructions should be repeated.
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What type of loop is a While statement?
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conditional loop
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A Do in order or Do together can be nested inside a loop; What does Alice assume by default?
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that the instructions are to be executed in order
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A "Loop" statement is used to execute _____________
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a block of instructions repeatedly.
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Is it legal or illegal to program a recursive function?
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legal
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Moving forward a negative distance is the same as _________
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moving backward a positive distance.
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Recursion enables ______________
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a method to be repeatedly called.
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The base case in a recursive call is a signal that__________
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you have reached the simplest problem and no more recursive steps remain.
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A programmer wishes to add four objects to a list structure in a world. This list should be created ____________.
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as a world variable
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A list search would most likely involve which control structures?
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loop, do together, and If
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A list is ______________________
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a collection of several items of the same type (such as Object or Color).t/f
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It is entirely feasible to create a list of _____________, in Alice.
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objects or colors
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Most lists are created at the______-level since they most likely contain instantiations from different objects.
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world
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What is an element?
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an item in the array
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The _______ of an array can't change while the program is running.
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size
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There are two kinds of arrays in Alice.
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1.arrays created using a built-in array data structure variable
2.array visualization objects |
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A __________ is not directly visible in the world.
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variable
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An if statement is also thought of as a __________ statement.
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control
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What does the word count represent?
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the number of times a loop repeats.
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What type of statement is used when you know the definite number of times a block of code will repeat?
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a loop statement
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What type of statement is used when there is an "indefinite" number of times a block of code will repeat?
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a while statement
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What is the advantage of using a function as the number of times to loop?
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objects can be repositioned in the initial scene and it won't be necessary to modify the code to specify the count.
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What happens if the count chosen for a loop is infinity?
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The loop continues until the program stops.
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What type of condition is a While statement?
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a Boolean condition
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In a while statement, what is an infinite loop?
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a program error, such as condition that will never be true, that makes the program seem to be "spinning its wheels" or a condition that will never be met so the loop continues until the program ends.
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What happens when a "While something is true" event is selected from the pull-down menu?
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causes a While event block to be added to the Events editor.
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In a While event block, the event block contains a __________ (BDE) block.
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Begin-During-End
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What is recursion?
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A method that calls itself.
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A ____________ statement sends information back to the method that called it.
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return
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Objects in Alice are covered in _________________ maps.
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texture
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a ______________ file (.gif, .bmp, .jpg, or .tif) can be used to give an object a different look.
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graphic
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What are the the steps to importing a texture map?
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1. select the object
2. click the import texture map button 3. locate the file and import 4. set the skin property to use the new texture map |
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What does "iterate through a list" mean?
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To do the same thing repeatedly for all the items in a list.
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What does the For all in order statement do in a list?
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It iterates sequentially through a list and works with one item at a time from the list.
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What does the For all together statement do in a list?
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It iterates through a list simultaneously meaning that all the objects in a list do the same action at the same time.
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What is the purpose of a list search in Alice?
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to iterate through a list of items, one item at a time, and check each one to see if it has exactly what we are looking for.
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_________________ means we can change the value as things happen during program execution.
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mutable
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What is an array?
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a structure for collecting and organizing objects or information of the same type into a group.
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An _____________ variable keeps track of each item in an array.
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index
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What is a mutable variable?
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a property that can be directly changed using set or some other methods.
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an _________ is an instance of a class.
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object
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The term ______________ describes the action of "getting at" an individual element of the array.
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access
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The Array ______________ class defines properties and actions for an object especially designed to represent an array structure.
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Visualization
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What is permutation?
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The act of changing the order of elements in an ordered group is a well-known mathematical operation.
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The term ___________ is used to indicate that more is involved than just moving an object from one place to another.
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relocate
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What instruction is used to relocate an element an array?
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let instruction
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What does a "watch" do in Alice?
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It creates a small window where the value in the watched variable is constantly displayed at runtime. When the value changes, it is immediately updated.
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What does a print instruction do in Alice?
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Causes the animation to be displayed in a split window. One panel displays the animation while another panel displays output in a text console.
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