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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the possible risks of various nutritional products
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1. Implications for surgical patients- drug herb interactions
2. Disease interactions 3. Interactions with lab tests |
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What are is an example of Drug-herb interactions
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Sugical patients with antestia, garlic can cause increased bleeding which is a risk for surgical patients
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What is an example of disease interactions
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Herbal drugs may increase blood glucose,
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What is an exmaple of interactions with lab tests
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ginsing can interfere with dig monitoring
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Herbal supplements are not considered a drug, what are they considered
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nutrional or dietary supplements
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Since herbal supplements are not consider DRUGS, what are they excempt from in FDA
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do not need safety or efficacy
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What is only thing the manufacotr needs to notify the FDA of
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efficacy claims
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What type of manufactoring practices must maufactors meet according to FDA
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GMP, quality control procedure, and how and wehre plants are constructed
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What WILL maufactors be required to report
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adverse events, comsuer complaints, prove record keeps, proof of testing and evaluation of identigy purity and strenght of final product
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What are the most common causes of of N/V
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motion sickness, pregnacy, viral gasteroentertitis (norovirus)
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What are exculisions for self-treatment for ADULTS with SEVERE
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HY FANS
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What are complications of N/V
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1. Dehydration
2. Malnutrions 3. electrolye imbalance |
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What are signs of dehydrtions
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1. poor sign turgor
2. dry mouth 3. dizziness confusion 4. dark urine less UOP |
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What are exclusions for children (moderate to severe N/A)
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1. vomiting clear fluids
2. < 6 months 3. Projectile vomiting > 8 hrs |
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What is first thing you should manage in N/V?
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dehydration--ORS or gartorate but dilture with water
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How should you treat motion sickness with N/V, and what do they do, and treat
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1st generations antihistamines cross BBB--for PREVENTION and TREATMENT OF N/V
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What are some examples of 1st generation antihistamines
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1. Benadryl
2. Meclinzine 3. Cyclizine, 4. Doxylamine 5. Dimenhydrinate |
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When should you take Benadryl ro Meclinzine
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1/2 before travel-1 hr before traveling
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1st generations are contraindicated in
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1. Children <6 paradoxia
2. Elderly 3. Nursing (Dries up milk) Prego CAN 4. |
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What are Counseling Points for treating Motion sickness with 1st generation antihistamine
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1. Take 1/2-1hr prior to travel
2. May cause drowsiness so dont not drive 3. Do not drink alcohol as it can increase drowsiness |
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What are non-pharm treatments for N/V with MOTION SICKNESS
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1.Don't read when you travel
2. Avoid excess food or alcohol before and during travel |
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Whta is only other drug used to treat and BOTH N/V associted with Pregnacy, Norovirus, Overeating, and motion sickness
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Emetrol
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What is dosing for Emetrol
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15-30 mL evert 15 mintutes up to 5 doses
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What are counseling points for N/V with Emetrol
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1. Dont drink fluids 15 mintues before or after using Emetrol
2. |
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Who is Emetrol contraindicated in
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patietns with Diabeties, b/c of high sugar content
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Food posioning is usually not treated What is Non-pharm for food poisioning/viral
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Clear liquids, BRAT diet, fresh air, and avoid greasy/acidic food
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What is best treatment for overindlugence
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Antacids or Bismuth
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What do Anacids or Bismuth treat
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ONLY Nausea
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What is non-pharm for pregancy
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1. Fresh air
2. Before arising eat several crackers and relax in bed for 10-15 minutes 3. Eat smaller more frequent meals |
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Only drugs that increase pH, do what
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treat ONLY nasuea
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What does Mg+ in antacids cause
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diarrhea
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What does Al+ and Ca+ cause in anatacids
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constipation
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What does soidum bicarb cause in antacids
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gas, and fluid retention
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When in onset of action of anatcids
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5-15 mintues
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How long do antacids last, difereance between empty and full stomach
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1. empty-up to 30 minutes
2. full 2-3 hours |
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Should anacids be used in pregnacy?
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NO, can only use for 14 days
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What are drug interactions with anacids
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antibiotic, separate at least 2 hours before or 3 hours after
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Are anacids contraindicated with renal failure
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YES, trouble with electrolyte balance
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What are etiologies of diarrhea
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norvovirus, bacterial infetions, food induced
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What is a major complication of dirrhea
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dehydration
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What are exclusion criteria for diarrhea
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6 DASH P
1. Severe dehydration 2.< 6 months 3. High fever >102.2 4. Protracted vomiting 5.Abdominal pain 6. CVD, DM, and renal disease 7. Pregnacy |
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Is Loperamide a great antidiarrheal for all types (travelers, acute diarrhea viral,
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YES
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Can loperamide be used in preganacy
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YES
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What are drug-drug and disease interactions with loperamide
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NONE
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What is dosage of Loperamide
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4mg initally, then 2 mg after each loose stool
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What is max of Loperamide, and length of use
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not to exceed 8mg/day, do not use for more than 48 hours
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What is onset of action of Loperamide
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30-60 minutes
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What are side effects of Loperamide
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consitpation and dizziness
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Can loperamide be used in children
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YES
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What is non-pharm for diarrhea
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1. ORS
2. Avoid fatty or spicy foods |
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Should you use the BRAT diet for diarrhea
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NO..only N/V with viral and food poisioning
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If a patient is hypersensitive to loperamide what is 2nd line for anti-dirrhea;
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BSS
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What are 2 counseling points for BSS
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May cause a black tonuge and stool, rinse mouth after taking
2. Do not take ASA while taking this product |
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What is benefit of BSS
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treats both NAUSEA and diarrhea
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What are some etiogolies of constipation
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1. Stress
2. Dietary intake 3. Drug induced 4. Age |
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What are exclusions to constipation
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FIC PAD
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Should you avoid antacids with Bisacodyl
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YES separate by at least 2 hours
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