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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Professional
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one who is engaged in one of the learned professions, characterized by or conforming to the technical or ethical standards of a profession
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Profession
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A learned calling with:
-Specialized skills, -Distinctive functions, -Recognized social obligations, -Unique characteristics. |
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Professional Association
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a legal entity, where the services of members are based on advanced knowledge, skill and judgement.
-Definitive (minimum) standards of admission, -Public obligation and general public interest, -Distinctive ethical code for members in relationship with clients, employers, colleagues, and the public. |
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Members of a professional association are accountable for:
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-Their profession generally,
-Their own practice, and -The practice of those under their supervision |
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Describe the code of ethics
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-To express expectations of a standard of professional conduct for a group,
-Distinguishes between appropriate and inappropriate conduct of members, and -Is the basis for adjudicating allegations of unprofessional conduct. |
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What is professional ethics founded on?
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-integrity
-competence -devotion to service -devotion to the advancement of human welfare |
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Public Safety and Welfare
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Public Safety and Welfare - proper regard for safety and welfare of all persons and physical environment.
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Competence and Knowledge
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Competence and Knowledge - undertake only work for which they are competent by training or experience.
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Signing
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sign only reports and documents that they have prepared or have been prepared under their direct supervision and control.
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Faithful agents
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act for their clients or employers as faithful agents, but independently, with fairness and justice for ALL. [Protecting safety of the public + code of ethics]
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Conflict of interest
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do not engage in activities that puts them in a conflict of interest with their clients or employers, without prior knowledge or consent
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Confidentiality of information
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do not disclose confidential information unless consent is given or public safety is at stake.
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Conduct towards others
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with fairness and good faith
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What's a professionals duty to society?
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most important of all. Duty to protect the safety, health, and welfare of society.
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What's a professionals duty to employers?
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to act fairly and loyally and keep employer’s business confidential.
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What's a professionals duty to the client?
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to act fairly and keep client's business confidential. Avoid conflicts of interest with the employers
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What's a professionals duty to employees and subordinates?
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maintain the dignity and prestige of the profession
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What's a professionals duty to self?
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balace duties to others with own rights (i.e. pay and work environment). Always strive for excellence and maintain competence.
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Summarize ECO Canada's code of ethics (because this is totally useful in real life)
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1. Use sound environmental practices
2. Enhance the public regard for the environmental certification/ profession 3. Be honest in your work 4.Keep client and employer information confidential; don’t use for personal gain 5. Avoid conflicts of interest 6. Serve in a conscientious, diligent and efficient manner 7. Be able to perform the required work 8. Don’t lie about your abilities 9. Don’t be associated with misleading or false info 10. Make your information clear and straightforward 11. Be fair and act in good faith 12. Continuously improve and increase your knowledge and skills 13. Care about the safety and welfare of people and the environment affected by your work |
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What does CEPA do?
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regulates toxic substances, cross order air and water pollution, waste disposal
administered by Environmental Canada (EC) in partnership with Health Canada chemical and biotech substances regulated Before manufacturing or importing, business must provide evaluation of substance E.g. of banned substances – PCBs, CFCc, Chlorinated solvents |
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What triggered the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA)?
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1. Where federal Authority is a proponent
2. Where federal money is involved 3. When the land is under federal interests 4. Some aspect of the job requires federal approval or authorization Exceptions – Infrastructure projects – unless the Minister of the Environment deems it to have significant adverse environmental effects |
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Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act
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Documenting and labelling dangerous goods, employee training, emergency response for international and interprovincial transport of these goods
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Hazardous Products Act (HPA) and Canada Consumer Product
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-WHMIS
-Plastics -Baby gates, car seats *what does this even mean bettina? |
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Pest Control Products Act, 2002 (PCPA)
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-all products used must be registered
-regulated by health canada - eg. control for invasive species such as Emerald Ash Borer |
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Fisheries Act
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-applies to coastal and inland waters
-changes in 2012 from "harmful alteration disruption or destruction of fish habitat" to "prohibition against activity that results in serious harm to fish that are part of commercial, recreation or aboriginal fishery." |
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Canada Shipping Act
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no discharge of pollutants
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Marine Liability Act
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oil spills
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Oceans Act
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manage all plans for marine waters and protected areas
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Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act
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-represent the diversity of Canada's oceanic and Great Lakes environments
-maintain ecological processes and life support systems -provide a model for sustainable use of marine species and ecosystems -encourage marine research and ecological monitoring -protect depleted, vulnerable, threatened or endangered marine species and their habitats -provide for marine interpretation and recreation -contribute to a growing worldwide network of marine protected areas |
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Species at risk act (SARA)
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include recovery strategies and action plans for endangered or threatened species and management plans for species of concern
- maybe includes Migratory Birds Convention Act or Canada National Parks Act |
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List some Provincial Acts in Ontario
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Environmental Bill of Rights
Environmental Protection Act (EPA) Ontario Water Resources Act (OWRA) Clean Water Act Environmental Assessment Act (EAA) Pesticides Act Safe Drinking Water Act Nutrient Management Act Green Energy Act Toxics Reduction Act |
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Soil Pollution
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-Under EPA (under Ontario)
-change industrial to residential land -must have a record of site condition (RSC)- requires a Phase 1 enviro site assessment, and phase 2 if one shows possibility of contamination -reviewed by Minister of Environment |
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Waste Disposal
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Every aspect needs a specific provincial authorization – e.g. waste collection, transfer, storage, processing, or disposal, even recycling
Agriculture complies with the Nutrient Management Act |
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What are protected natural spaces?
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National Parks, and National Park reserves
National Wildlife Areas Migratory Bird Sanctuaries Marine conservation areas Provincial Parks, Natural Reserves, Conservation reserves Wilderness areas |
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Provincial Planning Act
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-sets out the ground rules for land use planning in Ontario and describes how land uses may be controlled, and who may control them – details on the Act in the Provincial Policy Statement (PPS)
- municipalities use this to create official plans and by-laws |
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Professional Certification
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-is official recognition from an accrediting authority that an individual has achieved a specified level of:
knowledge Skills and/or abilities -in addition to meeting a set of pre-established standards, a set of established criteria, or fulfillment of a legal requirement. |
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What are the advantages of certification?
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it signals to prospective employers that the possessor has:
achieved a specific level of expertise is committed to maintaining or advancing that level of expertise will take on a professional role with responsibility and accountability for his or her actions. For individuals embarking on their career paths or entering into new areas of environmental practice, the certification also offers chances to network with other professionals, the possibility for mentorship, career guidance and access to technical expertise. |
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Legal Certifications
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recognized through legislation (Provincial or Federal). An example is the Professional Engineer (P.Eng) certification or the Registered Professional Planner (RPP).
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Third-party Certifications
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issued by a third-party organization but meeting an established standard. An example is the Qualified Environmental Professional (QEP) certification.
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Independent Certifications
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issued by an independent organization but without meeting all established standards. An example is the Canadian Certified Environmental Practitioner (CCEP) certification
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Speciality association-based certifications
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, issued by a specialty association to internally recognize the expertise of some or all of its members. An example is the Registered Professional Biologist (RPBio) certification.
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Qualified Environmental Professional
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-Insititute of Professional Environmental Practice
-one of five environmental credentials that comply with American Society for Testing and Materials -Benefits: desirable qualification that can assist applicants in their ability to successfully compete for positions and promotions at EPA -Jobs: As it is an international designation, you can now solve complex environmental problems worldwide Steps: Degree from physical, earth, or natural sciences, engineering math, with 5 yrs experience, OR 8 yrs experience and any degree General environmental science exam, then specific exam in a practice area (Air, water, waste, or Environmental Science, Mgt, and Policy) Cost: $150 annual membership |
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Registered Planning Professional
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Member of Canadian Institute of Planners
Recognition: applying national standards and using national code of ethics, legally recognized in Ontario Benefits: recognized professional accreditation in Canada, planning position more likely to go to an accredited person Jobs: City planner, environmental planner, resource development officer Steps: graduate from planning at university or 5 years of related experience, 1 or more years of membership. complete course on ethics and professionalism, written exam Cost: annual 680.98 |
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Canadian Certified Environmental Practitioner
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ECO Canada
Recognition:skills and knowledge meet or exceed the National Occupational Standards (NOS) in Canada Benefits: stand-out as Current, ethical, experienced and qualified Jobs: environmental ones… Steps: self assessment, references, board reviews Cost: application fee and annual membership |
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Professional Geoscientists
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Geoscience Canada
Benefits: professional recognition Jobs: geoscientists, other geo-whatnots Steps: geoscience knowledge and experience, good character, business language understanding, ethics exam Cost: application and exam fee, annual membership |
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Registered Professional Forester
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Ontario Professional Foresters Association
Recognition: regulated profession in Ontario, often mandated/required for doing work in forestry or arborist field Steps: forestry degree, professional experience, sponsors Cost: lots |
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LEED Green Associate/ Accredited Professional
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Canadian Green Building Council
-Recognition: the mark of the most qualified, educated, and influential green building professionals in the marketplace Benefits: international, more employable Jobs: Green Buildings Designer Steps: exams, experience Cost: lots |
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Certified Sustainability Professional
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Canadian Professional Sustainability Institute
Recognition: nationally recognized incorporated society Benefits: community and networking Jobs: sales, marketing, operations etc Steps: become member, exam |
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Certified Measurement and Verification Professional
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Association of Energy Engineers
Recognition: recognized professionally in areas requiring the application of accurate and reliable measurement and verification methodologies Benefits: recognizes professional and raises professional standards Jobs: government, utilities, energy companies Steps: 4yr degree, 3 yrs experience, seminar and exam |
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International Society of Arboriculture
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Certified arborist
Take exam – $250 Recertification - $200 every 3 years + maintain training OR re-take exam Membership (optional) - $150 US |
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Canadian Society of Environmental Biologists
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Regular - $40; Student - $20
Receive copy of annual conference proceedings Professional Biologist of Ontario Certification coming soon |
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Canadian Institute of Foresters
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Canadian Institute of Foresters
Student - $44.07 General - $111.87 Get on-line CIF publication |
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Certified Inspector of Sediment and Erosion control
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Offered by the Toronto Region Conservation Authority (TRCA)
Must have 2 yrs erosion sediment control experience, 3 references Pass exam with 75 % 2-day training course $750 Exam fee $250 Annual renewal - $84.75 Read code of ethics |
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Ontario wetland Evaluation System
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Ontario Wetland Evaluation System certification – recognized by MNR
6-day course Usually held in June or July at Nipissing U in North Bay One-time cost ~$2000 |
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Ecological Land Classification System Certification for Southern Ontario
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consistent description, identification, classification and mapping of community types.
a standard method across Ontario to meet the needs of ecosystem management and landuse planning helps identify changes in land use. |
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Laws
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acts of legislation passed by elected legislators to regulate activities, such as those affecting the Environment.
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What system does the Canadian legal system use (minus quebec)
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common law
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What is common law based upon?
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Common Law is based on Precedents and on Equitable Principles, with some degree of flexibility in the decision-making process, where court decisions establish legal principles.
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Litigation
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A lawsuit usually making use of the courts, where a plaintiff brings action or claims wrongdoing against a defendant (Civil vs. Criminal Cases).
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What are 5 points about Law you should know?
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1. Contract Law
2. tort Law 3. Intellectual Property 4. Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution 5. Expert Witness |
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What are 5 elements of a contract law?
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1. An offer made and accepted
2. Mutuant intent to enter into contract 3. Consideration (something of value exchanged between parties) 4. Capacity to contract 5. Lawful purpose (not illegal duuh) |
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interpretation
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A difference in interpretation of the wording in a contract can lead to a dispute in the meaning of a clause in the contract. The court usually decides on the basis of the most reasonable meaning.
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Discharge of Contract
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Once all parties have completed their respective obligations satisfactorily, the contract ends (is discharged).
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Breach of Contract
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Failure by a party to perform obligations specified in the contract is called a breach. This entitles the non-defaulting party to some remedy (damages).
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Tort Law
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a private or civil wrong or injury that involves negligence and may arise independently of a contract
Purpose: To compensate victims of tort, not the punishment of negligent wrongdoers. Principles: There are 3 essential aspects; ALL of which must be substantiated or satisfied for a case to be successful. These are: The defendant owed the plaintiff a duty of care, The defendant breached that duty by his/her conduct, The defendant’s conduct caused the injury to the plaintiff. Reasonableness plays a major role in any court decision. |
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Standard of Care
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Establishment of the standard of care taken by the defendant as measured by applicable professional standards existing at the time the services are performed. [cf. Negligence – a failure to maintain reasonable standards of care.]
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Disclaimer
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It stipulates that the advice is without responsibility and has been recognized in the courts as a valid way of protecting oneself
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Expert witness
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An expert witness is permitted to express opinions with respect to his/her area of expertise (vs. non-expert witness can only state facts). Both are subject to cross-examination.
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What to elected legislators do?
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-enact legislation to regulate activities such as those affecting environment
-The legislation is compiled as an Act, which may contain a series of Regulations, Guidelines and Codes of Practice. |
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Terminology
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important in the interpretation of an Act, and, therefore, important terms are usually defined within the act
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Natural Environment
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The air, land and water, or any combination or part thereof.” [EPA, s. 1(1)]
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Environment
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“The components of the Earth and includes a) air, land and water, b) all layers of the atmosphere, c) all organic and inorganic matter and living organisms, and d) the interacting natural systems that include components referred to in paragraphs a to c.” [CEPA, s. 3 (Federal)]
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Water
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“A well, lake, river, pond, spring, stream, reservoir, artificial watercourse, intermittent watercourse, ground water or other water or watercourse.” [OWRA, s. 1]
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Discharge
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“When used as a verb, includes add, deposit, emit, or leak and, when used as a noun, includes addition, deposit, emission or leak.” [OWRA, s. 1]
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Contaminant
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Any solid, liquid, gas, odour, heat, sound, vibration, radiation or combination of any of them resulting directly or indirectly from human activities that may cause an adverse effect.” [EPA, s. 1(1)]
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Adverse Effect
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“One or more of, (a) impairment of the quality of the natural environment for any use that can be made of it, (b) injury or damage to property or to plant or animal life, (c) harm or material discomfort to any person, (d) an adverse effect on the health of any person, (e) impairment of the safety of any person, (f) rendering any property or plant or animal life unfit for human use, (g) loss of enjoyment of normal use of property, and (h) interference with the normal conduct of business.” [EPA, s. 1(1)]
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Define Risk
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Risk= Hazard X Exposure
The determination of the probability that an adverse effect will result from a defined exposure. It depends on hazard which is a characteristic intrinsic to the chemical, and exposure |
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How do you do a risk assessment?
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Scientific data are used as the basis for the risk assessment of a specific chemical/substance,
Type of data/information: Physical-chemical properties of the substance Toxicity of the chemical Exposure Others, eg. environmental parameters (river flow, climate, …) data used are -from tests conducted on animals/organisms/laboratory or in vitro studies -from predictive models |
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What is the career development cycle?
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1. self assessment
2. research career options 3. targeted job search 4. decision making and goal setting |
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Chronological resume
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Excellent if you have a lot of direct work related experience. Markets continuity and increasing responsibility in employment history.
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Skills based or functional resume
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Emphasizes transferable skills. Focuses on accomplishments developed through work, academic, and community experiences. Advantageous when you have little direct work experience or during career change.
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combined resume
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A great combination of you have some direct work related experience which needs some explanation and you want to focus on your skills based accomplishments that are directly job related.
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Government Resume
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Can reflect more of the academic background and research experience. Must incorporate the key words used in the job description, and competencies for the position.
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