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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The medical term for stomach
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gastro
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Three parts of the small intestine:
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Duodenum
Jejunum Ileum |
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Which portion of the small intestine is the longest?
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ileum
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The large intestine begins in the ___ ___ quadrant with a saclike area called the ___.
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Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
cecum |
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The sigmoid colon is located between the ___ and ___ of the large intestine.
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descending colon
rectum |
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The three accessory digestive organs.
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pancreas
liver gallbladder |
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The pancreas is located (anteriorly/posteriorly) to the stomach.
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posteriorly
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Which endocrine glands are superomedial to each kidney?
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suprarenal (adrenal) glands
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The double-walled membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity is called the
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peritoneum
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The organs located posteriorly to, or behind, the serous membrane lining of the abdominopelvic cavity are referred to as
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retroperitoneal
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What structure helps stabilize and support the small intestine?
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mesentery
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What structure is a double fold of peritoneum that connects the transverse colon to the greater curvature of the stomach?
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Greater omentum
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Intraperitoneum
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Liver
Spleen Transverse colon Stomach Sigmoid colon Jejunum Cecum Gallbladder |
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Retroperitoneum
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Kidneys
Duodenum Adrenal glands Pancreas Proximal ureters Ascending & Descending colon Major Abdominal blood vessels (abdominal aorta & inferior vena cava) |
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Infraperitoneum
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Urinary Bladder
Ovaries Testes Lower Rectum |
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Which topographic landmark is found at the level of L2-L3?
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Inferior costal (rib) margin
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The iliac crest is at the level of the ___ vertebra.
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L4-L4 vertebral interspace
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The xiphoid process corresponds with which vertebral level?
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T9- T10
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With the use of iodinated contrast media, ___ is able to distinguish between a simple cyst or tumor of the liver.
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CT
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The central ray is centered to the level of the ___ for a supine AP projection of the abdomen.
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iliac crest
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Which decubitus position of the abdomen best demonstrated intraperitoneal air in the abdomen?
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Left lateral decubitus
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Which decubitus position best demonstrates possible aneurysms, calcifications of the aorta, or umbilical hernias?
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Dorsal decubitus
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Which position best demonstrates a possible aortic aneurysm in the prevertebral region of the anatomy?
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Lateral
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The spleen is part of the ___ system.
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lymphatic system
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The superior margin of the greater trochanter is approximately ___ inches superior to the symphysis pubis.
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1 - 1 1/4"
(2 1/2 - 4 cm) |
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The prefix pyelo refers to
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renal pelvis.
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The suprarenal glands are part of the
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endocrine system
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The lesser sciatic notch is an aspect of the
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ischium
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The sacroiliac joints are classified as ___ joints with ___ mobility.
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synovial
amphiarthrodial |
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What is the name of the double-walled tissue that lines the abdominopelvic cavity?
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peritoneum
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Which projection would be best for a patient with limited movement of both lower limbs (in addition to the AP pelvis)?
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Modified axiolateral
(Clements-Nakayama method) |
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T/F: Only a small part of the lesser trochanter, if any, will be visible on a well-positioned axiolateral (inferosuperior) lateral hip.
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True
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The greater omentum extends from the transverse colon to the
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greater curvature of the stomach
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T/F: The posterior oblique (Judet method) for the acetabulum requires a 10-15 degree rotation of the body.
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False.
Requires a 45 degree rotation |
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Situation: A nontrauma patient comes to radiology with a history of chronic pain of the right hip. The patient is ambulatory but has not had pervious radiographs taken of that hip. Which routine would be best suited for this patient?
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AP pelvis and axiolateral frog-leg (modified Cleaves) projections of the right hip.
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What exposure factors would produce the desired qualities for an abdominal projection on an average-sized adult?
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75 kV, 600 mA, 1/30 sec, grid, 40-inch SID
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Situation: A radiograph of an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection reveals that there is an excessive amount of grid lines present. A 6:1 linear grid was used. What will correct this problem?
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Keep the IR parallel to the femoral neck and perpendicular to the CR.
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What topographic landmark corresponds to L2-3 vertebral level?
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Inferior costal margin
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Situation: A radiograph of an AP axial (Taylor) "outlet" projection reveals that the obturator foramina are not symmetric. What type of positioning problem is present?
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Rotation of the pelvis
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The technologist must ___ manual exposure factors for a patient with severe ascites.
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increase
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Situation: A patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of an umbilical hernia. Which one of the following abdomen projections would best demonstrate it?
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Dorsal decubitus
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How much CR angle, from the horizontal, is required for the modified axiolateral (Clement-Nakayama) projection?
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15 - 20 degrees
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Malignancy spread to bone via the circulatory, lymphatic systems, or direct invasion
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Metastatic carcinoma
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A disease producing extensive calcification of the longitudinal ligament of the spinal column
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Ankylosing spondylitis
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A degenerative joint disease
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Osteoarthritis
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A malignant tumor of the cartilage
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Chondrosarcoma
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Now referred to as "developmental dysplasia of the hip"
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Congenital dislocation of the hip
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A fracture resulting from a severe blow to one side of the pelvis
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Pelvic Ring Fracture
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Fractures that occur in adolexcent athletes who experience sudden, forceful, or unbalanced contraction of the tendinous and muscular attachments on the bony pelvis.
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Avulsion fracture
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What conditions can produce a dynamic bowel obstruction?
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Fibrous adhesions
Crohn disease Intussusception |
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Situation: A patient comes to radiology with a hx of pneumoperitoneum. The pt is able to stand and lie recumbent. What projection will demonstrate the severity of this condition?
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AP erect abdomen
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What imaging modalities will best demonstrate the gallbladder?
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Sonography
MRI Nuclear medicine |
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Lower rectum |
Infraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
C-loop of duodenum |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Major abdominal blood vessels (abdominal aorta & inferior vena cava) |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Spleen |
Intraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Sigmoid Colon |
Intraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Pancreas |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Transverse colon |
Intraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Adrenal glands |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Jejunum |
Intraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Urinary bladder |
Infraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Ascending and descending colon |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Liver |
Intraperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Kidneys |
Retroperitoneal
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(Intra/Infra/Retro/)peritoneal
Proximal ureters |
Retroperitoneal
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A twisting of a loop of bowel creating an obstruction
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Volvulus
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Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
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Ascites
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Telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop of bowel
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Intussusception
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Inflammatory condition of the colon (most frequently involves rectosigmoid region)
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Ulcerative colitis
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Bowel obstruction caused by a lack of intestinal peristalsis
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Adynamic ileus
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Free air or gas in the peritoneal cavity
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Pneumoperitoneum
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Chronic infection of the intestinal wall that may result in bowel obstruction
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Crohn's disease
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