Privpilot Exam - Cert & Docs

Front 1

What are the eligibility requirements for a private pilot (airplane) certificate? (14 CFR 61.103)

Back 1

a. At least 17 years of age
b. Able to read, speak, write, and understand English
c. Possess a current 3rd class med cert.
d. Received req. ground and flight training endorsements
e. Meet the applicable aeronautical experience reqs.
f. Pass the req. knowledge and practical tests.

Front 2

What privileges and limitations apply to a private pilot? (14 CFR 61.113)

Back 2

No-one /w a private pilot cert. may act as PIC of a plane carrying passengers or property for comp. or hire,

That person may not for comp. or hire act as PIC of a plane.

1) A private pilot may act as a PIC of a plane in connection with any business or employment if it is only incidental to that business or employment and does not carry passengers or property for comp or hire.

2) A private pilot may not pay less than the pro rata share of the op expenses of a flight w/ passengers or property for comp. or hire.

3) A private pilot may act as PIC of a charitable nonprofit, or community event flight described in 14 CFR 91.146, if the sponsor and pilot comply with the req. of that regulation

4) A private pilot may be reimbursed for aircraft op expenses that are directly related to search and location operations, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees, and the operation is sanctioned under the direction and control of local, state, or federal agencies or organization

Front 3

To act as PIC or as a req. flight crewmember of a civil aircraft, what must a pilot have in physical possession or readily available in the aircraft?

Back 3

1) Valid pilot cert.
2) Photo ID
3) Current and appropriate med. cert.

Front 4

Define a high-performance airplane and what must you do to be PIC of such plane?

Back 4

High-performance airplane: Plane with an engine More than 200 hp.

To act as PIC of such plane, you must have:

1) Received and logged ground and flight training from an authorized flight instructor in a high-p plane, or in a flight sim or flight training device that represents a high-p plane and be found proficient in the operation and systems of that plane.

2) Received ad logged a one-time endorsement req. by this reg. in your logbook from an auth. instructor who certifies you are proficient to operate a high-p plane.

Front 5

Other than high-p and complex aircraft, what other types of aircraft (ASEL) req. specific training and logbook endorsements from an appropriately rated flight instructor? (14 CFR 61.31)

Back 5

1) High-Altitude plane - No one may be PIC of a pressurized plane that has a service ceiling or max operating altitude (whichever lower) above 25k ft. MSL unless that person has completed the ground and flight training specified and has received a logbook or training record endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying satisfactory completion of the training.

2) Tailwheel plane - No one may be PIC of a tailwheel lane unless they receive flight instruction from an authorized flight instructor who has found the pilot competent to operate a tailwheel airplane and has made a one-time endorsement so stating in the pilot's logbook.

Front 6

Define a complex airplane and what you must do to be PIC of one.

Back 6

Complex airplane: Plane /w retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller.

You must have:

1) received and logged ground and flight training from an authorized flight instructor in a complex airplane, or in a flight sim or flight training device representing a complex plane and have been found proficient in the operation and systems of the plane

2) Received a one-time endorsement in your logbook from an authorized instructor who certifies you are proficient to operate a complex airplane

Front 7

With respect to certification, privileges, and limitations of AIRMEN, define the terms: "Category," "Class," and "Type". (14 CFR Part 1)

Back 7

Category: A broad classification of aircraft; i.e., airplane, rotorcraft, glider, etc.

Class: A classification of aircraft within a category having similar operating characteristics; i.e., single-engine land, multi-engine, etc.

Type: A specific make and basic model of aircraft including modifications that do not change its handling or flight characteristics; i.e., DC-9, B-737, C-150, etc.

Front 8

What are the req. to remain current as a private pilot? (14 CFR 61.56, 61.57)

Back 8

a. Within the preceding 24 months, accomplished a flight review given in an aircraft for which that pilot is rated by an authorized instructor and received a logbook endorsement certifying that the person has satisfactorily completed the review.

b. To carry passengers, within the preceding 90 days-
- 3 takeoffs and 3 landings as the sole manipulator of flight controls of an aircraft of the same category, class, and type (if req.)
- if plane is tailwheel, landings must be full stops in a tailwheel plane
- if operations are to be conducted during the period 1 hr. after sunset, and 1 hr. before sunrise with passengers on board, the PIC must have within the preceding 90 days made at least 3 takeoffs and 3 landings during that time period in a plane of the same category, class, and type (if req.)

Note: Takeoffs and landings req. by this regulation may be accomplished in a flight sim or flight training device that is approved by the Administrator and used in accordance wit

Front 9

To exercise the privileges of a private pilot certificate, what med. cert. is required, and how long is it valid (14 CFR 61.23)

Back 9

You must hold at least a 3rd class med. cert.

Med. Cert. always expire on the last day of the month.

a) If you were UNDER the age of 40 on the date of your examination, the cert. expires after 60 mo. (5 yrs.)

b) If you were OVER the age of 40 on the date of your examination, the cert. expires after 24 mo. (2 yrs.)

Front 10

If a pilot changes permanent mailing address and fails to notify the FAA Certification branch, how long may the pilot continue to exercise the privileges of the pilot cert.?
(14 CFR 61.60)

Back 10

30 days after the date of the move.

Front 11

What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight? (14 CFR 19.203, 91.9)

Back 11

A - Airworthiness Certificate
R - Registration Certificate
R - Radio License (International only)
O - Owners manual or operating limitations (POH)
W - Weight and balance data

Front 12

How can a pilot determine if the aircraft is equipped with a Mode C altitude encoding transponder?

Back 12

By referencing the current weight and balance equipment list for that aircraft, a pilot could positively determine whether or not a Mode C transponder is installed.

Front 13

When will an aircraft registration cert. expire? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 13

When any of the following occur:

1) The aircraft is registered under the laws of a foreign country

2) The registration of the aircraft is canceled at the written request of the certificate holder

3) The aircraft is totally destroyed or scrapped

4) The ownership of the aircraft is transferred

5) The holder of the cert. loses United States citizenship

6) 30 days have elapsed since the death of the holder of the cert.

Front 14

Who's responsible for ensuring that a plane in maintained in an airworthy condition? (14 CFR 91.403)

Back 14

The owner or operator of an aircraft is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition.

Front 15

After aircraft inspections have been made and defects have been repaired, who is responsible for determining that the aircraft is in an airworthy condition? (14 CFR 91.7)

Back 15

The PIC of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether the aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The PIC shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occur.

Front 16

What records or documents should be checked to determine that the owner or operator of an aircraft has complied with all required inspections and airworthiness directives? (14 CFR 91.405)

Back 16

The maintenance records (aircraft and engine logbooks). Each owner or operator of an aircraft shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicated the aircraft has been approved for return to service.

Front 17

What regulations apply concerning the operation of an aircraft that has had alterations or repairs which may have substantially affected its operation in flight? (14 CFR 91.407)

Back 17

No one may operate or carry passengers in any aircraft that has undergone maintenance, preventative maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration that may have appreciably changed its flight characteristics or substantially affected its operation in flight until an appropriately rated pilot with at least a private pilot cert.:

1) flies the aircraft

2) makes an operational check of the maintenance performed or alteration made; and

3) logs the flight in the aircraft records.

Front 18

What is an Airworthiness Cert. and how long does it remain valid? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 18

Airworthiness Cert: A cert. issued by the FAA only after the aircraft has been inspected and found to meet the req. of 14 CFR, and is in a condition for safe operation.Under any circumstances, the aircraft must meet the req. of the original type certificate. The cert. must be displayed in the aircraft so that it is legible to passengers or crew whenever the aircraft is operated, and it may be transferred with the aircraft except when sold to a foreign purchaser. Standard Airworthiness Certs. remain in effect as long as the aircraft receives the req. maint. and is properly registered in the U.S.

Front 19

Can a pilot conduct flight operations in an aircraft with known inoperative equipment? (AC 91-67, 14 CFR 91.213)

Back 19

Yes, under specific conditions. 14 CFR part 91 describes acceptable methods for the operation of an aircraft with certain inoperative instruments and equipment that are not essential for safe flight - they are:

1) Operation of aircraft with a minimum equipment list (MEL), as authorized by 14 CFR 91.213 (a)

2) Operation of aircraft without a MEL under 14 CFR 91.213 (d)

Front 20

What are Minimum Equipment Lists? (MELs) (AC 91-67)

Back 20

The MEL is a precise listing of instruments, equipment, and procedures that allows an aircraft to be operated under specific conditions with inoperative equipment. The MEL is the specific inoperative equipment document for a particular make and model aircraft by serial and registration numbers; e.g., BE-299, N12345. The FAA-approved MEL includes only those items of equipment that the FAA deems may be inoperative and still maintain an acceptable level of safety with appropriate conditions and limitations.

Front 21

What limitations apply to aircraft operations conducted using the deferral provision of 14 CFR 91.213(d)?

Back 21

When inoperative equipment is found during preflight nor prior to departure, the decision should be to cancel the flight, obtain maintenance prior to flight, or to defer the item or equipment. Maintenance deferrals are not used for inflight discrepancies. Te manufacturer's AFM/POH procedures are to be used in those situations.

Front 22

What limitations apply to aircraft operations being conducted using MELs? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 22

The use of an MEL for a small, non-turbine-powered airplane operated under part 91 allows for the deferral of inoperative items or equipment. The FAA considers an approved MEL to be a supplemental type cert. (STC) issued to an aircraft by serial number and registration number. Once an operator requests an MEL, and a Letter of Authorization (LOA) is issued by the FAA, then the MEL becomes mandatory for that airplane. All maintenance deferrals must be done in accordance with the MEL and the operator generated procedures document.

Front 23

What are the procedures to follow when using 14 CFR 91.213(d) for deferral of inoperative equipment?

Back 23

The pilot determines whether the inoperative equipment is required by type design, the regulations, or ADs. If the inoperative item is not required, and the airplane can be safely operated without it, the deferral may be made. Then the pilot removes or deactivates the inoperative item, and places an INOPERATIVE placard near the appropriate switch, control, or indicator.

If deactivation or removal involves maintenance (removal always will), it must be accomplished by certified maintenance personnel. For example, if the position lights (installed equipment) were discovered to be inoperative prior to a daytime flight, the pilot would follow the requirements of sec. 91.213(d).

Front 24

What are the required maintenance inspections for aircraft? (14 CFR 91.409)

Back 24

1) Annual inspection - within the preceding 12 months

2) 100-hour inspection - if carrying any person (other than a crewmember) for hire or giving flight instruction for hire

If an aircraft is operated for hire it must have a 100-hour inspection as well as an annual inspection when due. If not operated for hire, it must have an annual inspection only.

Front 25

If an aircraft has been on a schedule of inspection ever 100 hours, under what condition may it continue to operate beyond the 100 hours without a new inspection? (14 CFR 91.409)

Back 25

The 100-hour limitation may be exceeded by not more than 10 hours while en route to a place where the inspection can be done. The excess time used to reach a place where the inspection can be done must be included in computing the next 100 hours of time in service.

Front 26

What is the difference between an annual inspection and a 100-hour inspection? (14 CFR Part 43)

Back 26

No differences exist when comparing the content of an annual inspection with that of a 100-hour inspection. The difference is who is allowed to perform these inspections.

1) Annual inspection - An A&P mechanic with an Inspection Authorization (IA)

2) 100-hour inspection - Any A&P mechanic (no IA req.)

Front 27

Be capable of locating the req. maint. and equipment inspections for your aircraft in the aircraft and engine logbooks. What should these include?

Back 27

1) Annual inspection/100 hour inspection
2) ELT inspection (12 calendar months)
3) ELT battery expiration date
4) Transponder certification (24 calendar months)
5) Compliance with applicable ADs

IFR only:
6) Pitot-static pressure system, altimeter, and automatic pressure altitude reporting system must also be tested and inspected in the preceding 24 calendar months

Front 28

What are some of the responsibilities an aircraft owner has pertaining to aircraft documents, maintenance and inspections of their aircraft? (FA-H-8083-25)

Back 28

Aircraft owners must:

1) Have a current airworthiness cert. and aircraft registration in the aircraft

2) Maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition including compliance with all applicable Airworthiness Directives

3) Ensure maintenance is properly recorded

4) Keep abreast of current regulations concerning the operation of that aircraft

5) Notify the FAA Civil Aviation Registry immediately of any change of permanent mailing address, or of the sale or export of the aircraft, or of the loss of citizenship.

6) Have a current FCC radio station license if equipped with radios, including ELT, if operated outside of the U.S.

Front 29

Define "preventive maintenance." (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 29

"Preventive maintenance" means simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations. Certified pilots, excluding student pilots, and recreational pilots, may perform preventive maintenance on any aircraft that is owned or operated by them providing that aircraft is not used in air carrier service. 14 CFR Part 43 identifies typical preventive maintenance operations which include such basic items as oil changes, wheel bearing lubrication, hydraulic fluid (brakes, landing great system) refills.

Front 30

What are the "Special Flight Permits," and when are they necessary? (14 CFR 91.213, 14 CFR 21.197)

Back 30

A Special Flight Permit may be issued for an aircraft that may not currently meet applicable airworthiness requirements but is capable of safe flight. These permits are typically issued for the following purposes:

1) Flying an aircraft to a base where repairs, alterations, or maintenance are to be performed, or to a point of storage

2) Delivering or exporting an aircraft

3) Production flight testing new-production aircraft

4) Evacuating aircraft from areas of impending danger

5) Conducting customer demonstration flights in new-production aircraft that have satisfactorily completed production flight tests.

Front 31

How are "Special Flight Permits" obtained? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 31

If a special flight permit is needed, assistance and the necessary forms may be obtained from the local FSDO or Designated Airworthiness Representative (DAR).

Front 32

What are Airworthiness Directives (ADs)? (FAA-H-8083-25)

Back 32

An AD is the medium the FAA uses to notify aircraft owners and other potentially interested persons of unsafe conditions that may exist because of design defects, maintenance, or other causes, and to specify the conditions under which the product may continue to be operated. ADs are regulatory in nature, and COMPLIANCE IS MANDATORY. It is the aircraft owner's or operator's responsibility to ensure compliance with pertinent ADs.