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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are theories?
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organizational framework
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Science and Scholarship aren't us believing rather...?
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they are showing and convincing
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Science is a discipline of persuading. What does this mean?
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Science is rhetoric.
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What is the purpose of Science and Scholarship?
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trying to discover things we didn't know before
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Who discovered black boxes?
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Bruno Latour
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What is causation?
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the casual influence of one factor or variable on another
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What is correlation?
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The regular relationship between two variables
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What are the 4 methods to forestall objections?
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statistical surveys, field work, existing data, and experiments
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What is a sample in a statistical survey?
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group of people who are representive of a large group that we can't study
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What is a black box?
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when statements are accepted as true and people only learn the black boxes and not the background to them
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What is the conflict theory?
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use society as a set of groups and organizaitons as fighting for the best potentials
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What is functionalism?
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emphazies agreement on certain fundamentals as basic and providing a service
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What is symbolic interaction?
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viewing society as stable set of arrangements
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What is another name for the micro order?
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Interpersonal level
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What are the 3 levels of public order?
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interpersonal level, group level, social order
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What happens at the Interpersonal level?
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dealing with people one at a time or in very small groups
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What is the group level?
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dealing with groups of people becomes complex
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What is social order?
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viewing a whole society with smaller groups in it
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What is status?
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postion in society
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What are the two types of status?
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ideal and achieved and ascribed roles, and
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What is ideal status?
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percieved and preformed roles
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What is achieved role?
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going to work or school
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What is ascribed role?
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something you can't help ; gender, race, age, occupation
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What did Goffman use to define principles of role performances?
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concepts borrowed from theatre to understand everyday life
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What is ideal role?
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may or may not fit with with what people are doing
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What is perceived role?
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is what you get
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What is the signifcance of Goffman studying principles of role performance?
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for conception of society and conception of self
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What is the conception of society?
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emotional labor
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What is conception of self?
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not embarrased because of yourself but rather a social event
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What is role distance?
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people add things to their roles to personalize them which gains independence
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What is a team?
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any group of people who are facing the public
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What is front stage?
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what people see, must have emotiional labor and be happy to audiance and customers
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What is back stage?
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What goes on behind the scenes and what people don't see
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What are the origins of culture?
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effors to deal with the problems of human varirty and answers to racial theories
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How much conflict is there between culture and individuals?
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Freud - a lot
Mead - people are like silly putty and can be shaped easily |
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What is culture?
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consits of symbols and bodies of techniques
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How is culture transimitted?
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over time through generations and over space through diffusion
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To what extent are people shaped by culure?
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a lot
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HOw does culture change?
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independent of people and changes by itself
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What was Mead's central question?
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What are the orginis of self - consciousness
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What was Mead's answer to his central question?
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We must take on attitudes or others and have an organizaiton of self
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How is the origin of self defined?
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The I and the Me
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What is the I?
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active and knowing what people think
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What is the ME?
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passive part of self
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What are the differences between Mead and Freud?
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Freud - desires of people
Mead - thinking |
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Who expressed social relations through language?
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Basil Bernstien
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What is socialingustics?
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the study of language
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What are the two codes that Basil Berkstein create?
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restricted and eleborated
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What is the restricted code?
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restrictions in the choice of language
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What is the eleborated code?
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emphasizes mental states and unique positions of individuals instead of their states
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What type of family is releated to restricted code and what its defintion?
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Positional family - decisions are made by rank
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What type of family is releated to eleborated code and what is its defintion?
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Person center families - childern tend to socialize their parents and reserve
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Who discoreved the elements of morality?
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Durkheim
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What is Durkheim's theory of punishment?
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punishments that are excessive are the same as no punishment, they become arbitary
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What are the two types of morality that Piaget found?
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Morality of constaint and morality of cooperation
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What is morality of constraint?
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bsaed on 1 sides respect of authority
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What is morality of cooperation?
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based on mutual respect
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What type of morality delt with retributive justice and what is it?
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Constraint - punishment
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What type of morality delt with distributive justice and what is it?
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cooperation - people when something goes wronf they see that people get their own share of punishment
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What is deviance?
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byproduct of social order
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What is labeling?
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people become labeled because of their deviance
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What are examples of deviance?
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crime and mental illness
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What is crime a form of deviance?
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once you committed a crime the title stays with you the rest of your life
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What is white collar crime?
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crime committed by people who are upper - middle class and have the knowledge and accessability to commit it
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