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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 Types of Measures
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1) Observational
2) Physiological 3) Self-Report OPS-R |
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3 Types of Self-Report Measures
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1) Cognitive
2) Affective 3) Behavioral CAB |
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Converging Operations (Triangulation)
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Using multiple types of measures to investigate aspects of the same phenomenon
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4 Scales of Measurement
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1) Nominal
2) Ordinal 3) Interval 4) Ratio NOIR |
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Nominal
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Numbers that are assigned to behavior are essentially labels
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Ordinal
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Rnak ordering of a set of behaviors or characteristics
ex) Audience response at talent show |
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Interval
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Equal differences b/t the numbers reflect equal differences b/t participants
but, no Zero Point ex) IQ test |
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Ratio
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involves real numbers and has a true Zero Point so that scores can be compared mathematically
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Observed Score
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True score + Measurement Error
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True Score
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what the participant would have obtained if our measure were perfect
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Measurement Error
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result of factors that distort the score
-every measure has error -m.e. undermines reliability of measure |
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5 Sources of Measurement Error
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1) Transient States
2) Stable Attributes 3) Situational Factors 4) Characteristics of the Measure 5) Mistakes |
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Reliability
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True-Score/Total Variance
Measure is reliable at .70 |
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3 Basic methods of estimating the reliability of a measure
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1) Test-Retest Reliability
2) Interitem Reliability 3) Interrater Reliability |
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Interitem Reliability
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Assess the degree of consistency among items on a scale
tests the degree to which items are tapping into the same construct |
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Increasing Reliability of Measures (4 things)
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1) Standardize Administration
2) Clarify instructions & Questions 3) Train observers 4) Minimize errors in data coding |
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Validity
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the extent to which a technique actually measures what it is intended to measure
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3 basic ways Validity is assessed
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1) Face Validity
2) COnstruct Validity 3) Criterion-related Validity |
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Construct Validity
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Determining whether a particular measure relates as it should to other measures
convergent vs. discriminant |
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Criterion-Related Validity
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The extent to which a measure allows us to distinguish among participants on the basis of a particular *behavior criterion*
ex. SAT Concurrent vs. Predictive |
