Principles Of Nutrition Final

Front 1

What are some benefits of being physically fit?

Back 1

1) restful sleep
2) nutritional health
3) optimal body composition
4) Optimal bone density
5) resistance to colds and other infectious diseases
6) low risks of some types of cancers
7) strong circulation and lung function
8) low risk of cardiovascular disease
9) low risk of type 2 diabetes
10) reduced risk of gallbladder disease in women
11) low incidence and severity of anxiety and depression
12) strong self-image
13) long life and high quality of life in later years

Front 2

Conditioning

Back 2

the physical effect of training; improved flexibility, strength, and endurance

Front 3

Training

Back 3

practicing an activity regularly, which leads to conditioning

Front 4

Fill in the blank - ____is what you do; ____ is what you get in regards to fitness

Back 4

training
conditioning

Front 5

VO2 Max

Back 5

the maximum rate of oxygen consumption by an individual at sea level

Front 6

cardiorespiratory conditioning

Back 6

improvements in heart and lung function and increased blood volume, brought about by aerobic training

Front 7

cardiac output

Back 7

the volume of blood discharged by the heart each minute; determined by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate

Front 8

stroke volume

Back 8

the amount of oxygenated blood the heart ejects toward the tissues at each beat

Front 9

How do you calculate cardiac output?

Back 9

stroke volume (volume/beat) x heart rate (beats/minute)

Front 10

Weight training or Resistance Training

Back 10

the use of free weights, weight machines, or the person's own body weight to provide resistance for developing muscle strength and endurance.

Front 11

what is CP and abbreviation for?

Back 11

creatine phosphate

Front 12

Creatine Phosphate

Back 12

a high-energy compound in muscle cells that acts as a reservoir of energy that can maintain a steady supply of ATP; it provides the energy for short bursts of activity

Front 13

ATP and Creatine are combined to form what at rest?

Back 13

Creatine Phosphate

Front 14

Carbohydrate Loading

Back 14

a regimen of moderate exercise followed by the consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet that enables muscles to store glycogen beyond their normal capacities

Front 15

What happens when the rate of glycolysis exceeds the capacity of the mitochondria to accept hydrogens with their electrons for the electron transport chain?

Back 15

the accumulating pyruvate molecules are converted to lactate

Front 16

Sports Anemia

Back 16

a transient condition of low hemoglobin in the blood, associated with the early stages of sports training or other strenuous activity

Front 17

Hyperthermia

Back 17

an above-normal body temperature

Front 18

Heat stroke

Back 18

a dangerous accumulation of body heat with accompanying loss of body fluid

Front 19

Hypothermia

Back 19

a below-normal body temperature

Front 20

hourly sweat rate

Back 20

the amount of weight lost plus fluid consumed during exercise per hour

Front 21

Hyponatremia

Back 21

a decreased concentration of sodium in the blood

Front 22

Glucose polymers

Back 22

compounds that supply glucose, not as single molecules, but linked in chains somewhat like starch; the objective is to attract less water from the body into the digestive tracts

Front 23

What are the symptoms of dehydration and heat stroke?

Back 23

1) Headache
2) Nausea
3) Dizziness
4) Clumsiness
5) Stumbling
6) Sudden cessation of sweating
7) Confusion or other mental changes

Front 24

What are the symptoms of hyponatremia?

Back 24

1) severe headache
2) vomiting
3) bloating, puffiness from water retention (shoes tight, rings tight)
4) confusion
5) seizure

Front 25

What are some benefits of cardiorespiratory conditioning?

Back 25

1) increases cardiac output and oxygen delivery
2) increases stroke volume
3) slows resting pulse
4) increases breathing efficiency
5) improves circulation
6) reduces blood pressure

Front 26

What factors affect the fuel mixture your body uses during an activity?

Back 26

1) Diet (available glycogen stores)
2) Intensity and duration of training (fat used during moderate, long workouts; glucose during short)
3) Training (more fit, the more glycogen your muscles store)

Front 27

What is the difference between iron deficiency anemia and sports anemia?

Back 27

Sports anemia occurs a true iron-deficiency anemia, strenuous aerobic activity promotes destruction of older, fragile red blood cells which reduces the bloods iron content temporarily; it also expands the blood's plasma volume; number or size of red blood cells does not change

Front 28

The process that regenerates glucose from lactate is known as what?

Back 28

the Cori cycle

Front 29

Conditioned muscles rely less on ____ and more on ___ for energy.

Back 29

Glycogen
Fat