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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Much of the US water resources are where? |
Underground |
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On a map, what is a plan view? |
Viewing like a bird |
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Sliced view thru the earth is called what? |
Cross Section View |
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We know that the major water compartment, the ocean, makes up 97.6% of all water; but what is the remaining 2.4% compartment? |
Fresh water |
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The fresh water compartment is made up of ... |
87.2% - Ice and Snow 12% - Groundwater 0.8% - Fresh (surface) water |
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Is water essential for life? |
Yes |
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Does our water cycle endlessly through the environment? What is another name for the water cycle? |
Yes Hydrologic Cycle |
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Explain the Hydrologic Cycle? |
Water evaporates from moist surfaces falls as rain or snow passes through living organisms and returns to the ocean |
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Solar energy (aka: the sun) drives the hydrologic cycle by |
evaporation from the ocean which becomes rain and snow |
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What absorbs (takes up the) ground water and pumps it into the atmosphere by transpiration (transport plus evaporation)? |
Plants |
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Groundwater stores much of our |
Water resources |
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Shallow layer of soil containing both air and water? (right below the grass) |
zone of aeration |
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Lower soil layers, where all soil pores are filled with water make up the |
zone of saturation |
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In what zone is the water table? |
top of the saturation zone |
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Geological layers that contain trapped water are called |
aquifers |
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In order to allow water into an aquifer, what has to happen? |
Some sort of fault must occur ex: earthquake |
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Uphill pressure in the aquifer can make a well flow freely at the surface, this type of free-flowing well (and spring) is called |
an artesian well or spring ex: Landa Park |
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Areas where surface water filters into an aquifer is called a |
recharging zone |
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Another name for impervious rock layers which keep water within a confined aquifer. |
aquicludes |
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An example of an aquiclude is |
the clay of a tank also called artisian well |
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A water-bearing layer of rock or of unconsolidated sediments, that will yield water in a usable quantity to a well or a a spring is called |
an aquifer |
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Pumping that leaves shallower wells dry can create a |
cone of depression |
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One of the largest and highest producing aquifers in the country is called |
Edwards Aquifer |
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Seguin's city water comes from which aquifer? |
Carrizo-Wilcox |
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The Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer is as big as the Edwards, but does it produce as much as the Edwards? |
No |
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How much of a rock (or soil or whatever) is OPEN space is called what? |
Porosity |
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Porosity doesn't move up water, it moves |
along |
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The measure of the ease with which a fluid can move through a porous rock is called |
Permeability |
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A layer of rock or of unconsolidated sediments that slow the movement of water in and out of an aquifer and possesses very low hydraulic conductivity is a |
'Confining bed (aquitard)' |
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When water has a really hard time flowing through it, it is called (low) |
hydraulic conductivity |
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Can aquifers be confined, unconfined or both, depending on what part of the aquifer is being viewed? |
Yes |
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When water only partially fills the aquifer materials and water freely rises and declines along the unsaturated/saturated zone is |
Unconfined |
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What type of well would need to be pumped? |
unconfined or confined |
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Can a confined aquifer be trapped between two impermeable layers? |
Yes |
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An 'artesian' aquifer is capped by some harder rock like |
shale |
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What happens when a hole is poked in an overpressured artesian aquifer? |
Water springs up from it |
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For an artesian (confined) system, the ______________ _________ may be very far away from the aquifer itself |
recharge zone |
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If it rains directly over the aquifer, will that make the level aquifer lever rise? |
No it has to rain over the recharge area |
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What is it called when water can leave the area in various ways? |
Discharge |
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2 ways that water be discharged from the aquifer |
pumping in out (ex: Wells) or it can flow naturally (into springs, lakes rivers, or the ocean) |
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You will have problems if you take out (aka: discharge) water faster than it goes in (aka: recharge) is compared to a ______________ |
Checkbook |
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A typical cross section example is: |
Balcones Fault Zone |
