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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Uses of por:
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to express gratitude or apology
for multiplication and division for velocity frequency and portion meaning "through," "along," "by" or "in the area of" when talking about exchange (including sales) to mean "on behalf of," or "in favor of," to express a length of time to express an undetermined, or general time, meaning "during" for means of communication or transportation to show the reason for an errand (with ir, venir, pasar, mandar, volver, and preguntar) when followed by an infinitive TO EXPRESS CAUSE OR REASON "estar por" means to be in the mood, or inclined to do something in passive constructions |
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Uses of para:
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to indicate destination
to show the use or purpose of something to mean "in order to" or "for the purpose of" to indicate a recipient to express a deadline or specific time to express a contrast from what is expected "estar para" to express an action that will soon be completed |
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Por and Para in questions
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"¿Por qué?" means "Why?" (for what reason) while "¿Para qué?" means "Why?" (for what purpose).
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Uses of the personal "a":
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when the direct object is a person
if the direct object is a domesticated animal, especially a pet, provided that the speaker attaches some sort of personal feelings towards the animal |
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When NOT to use the personal "a"
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If the direct object is an indefinite person, the personal "a" is NOT used
"a" is NOT used after the verb tener, or the verb form hay. This is true even if the direct object is a person |
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Personal a is always used before...
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alguien, alguno, ninguno, nadie, and todos when they refer to people
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other uses of "a"
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"a" = "to" or "in" when accompanied by verbs of motion
Ex: Vamos al cine Llegamos a Madrid "a" equal "at" in references to time Ex: Te llame a las cuatro |
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uses of de
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to indicate possession
ex: el coche del profesor los padres de Elena "de" equals "of" or "from" in terms of origin and material Ex: Yo soy de Nueva York Mi reloj es de plastico used to connect 2 nouns in order to turn one into an adjective Ex: tengo un reloj de plastico "de" equals "with" when referring to properties or qualities of a person or thing "de" equals "in" when used in: - expressing in the morning/evening - in superlative constructions |
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uses of en
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"en" = IN or ON in terms of location or placement
Ex: Puse los papeles en la mesa Used for in the morning/evening when making general references to a period of time rather than an hour of the day "en" = AT with all verbs OTHER than verbs of motion "en" = BY for a means of transportation |
