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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alkalinizing agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Increase serum or urine pH Body System Affected Renal Example: Sodium bicarbonate |
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Antacids
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Common Indications/Purpose
Neutralize excess acids present in stomach Body System Affected GI Example: Calcium carbonate |
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Anthelmintics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat intestinal parasites Body System Affected GI Example: Mebendazole (Vermox) |
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Antibiotics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat bacterial infection Body System Affected Varied Example: Penicillin, ciprofloxacin |
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Anticoagulants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Reduce efficacy of clotting factors present in the blood Body System Affected Hematologic Example: Heparin, Warfarin (Coumadin) |
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Antidiarrheals
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease GI motility, alter GI secretion activity Body System Affected GI Example: Loperamide (Imodium) |
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Antidysrhythmic
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Common Indications/Purpose
Prevent or control various cardiac dysrhythmias Body System Affected Cardiocascular Example: Lidocaine, amiodarone (Cordarone) |
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Antiemetics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat/prevent nausea and vomiting Body System Affected GI, CNS Example: Promethazine (Phenergan), ondansetron (Zofran) |
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Antiflatulents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Prevent/treat excess intestinal gas Body System Affected GI Example: Simethiocone, lactase |
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Antifungals
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat fungal infections Body System Affected Varied Example: Fluconazole (Diflucan), ketoconazole (Nizoral) |
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Antiglaucoma agents (usually eye drops)
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat glaucoma Body System Affected Varied Example: Brinzolamide (Azopt), bimatoprost (Lumigan) |
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Antihistamines
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Common Indications/Purpose
Block histamine receptors, dry mucous membranes, inhibit immune response in allergic reactions Body System Affected Varied Example: Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin) |
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Antihyperlipidemics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease blood cholesterol, sequester cholesterol chemicals in bile Body System Affected Hematologic, Cardiovascular Example: Cholestyramine (Questran), colesevelam (Welchol) |
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Antiparasitic agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat parasitic infections Body System Affected Varied Example:Nitazoxanide (Alinia) |
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Antipsychotics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat psychoses, including schizophrenia Body System Affected Sympathetic nervous system Example: Haloperidol (Haldol), olanzapine (Zyprexa) |
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Antivirals
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat viral infections Body System Affected Varied Example: Acyclovir (Zovirax), famciclovir (Famvir) |
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Barbiturates
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Common Indications/Purpose
Reduce/prevent seizures, provide sedation Body System Affected CNS Example: Phenobarbital |
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Benzodiazepines
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat anxiety and seizures, provide sedation Body System Affected CNS Example: Lorazepam (Ativan), diazepam (Valium), oxazepam (Serax) |
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Beta 2-agonists
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Common Indications/Purpose
Bronchodilation Body System Affected Respiratory Example: Albuterol; levalbuterol (Xopenex) |
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Beta-blocking agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Reduce HR and BP Body System Affected Cardiovascular Example: Metoprolol (lopressor), atenolol (Tenormin) |
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Calcium channel blockers
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Common Indications/Purpose
Reduce HR and BP Body System Affected Cardiovascular Example: Diltiazem (Cardizem), verapamil (Calan) |
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Cardiac glycosides
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease HR and improve contractility Body System Affected Cardiovascular Example:Digoxin (Lanoxin) |
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Chemotherapeutic agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat cancer or malignancy Body System Affected Varied Example: Vincristine (Oncovin, Vincasar), cisplatin (Platinol) |
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Cholesterol synthesis inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Prevent cholesterol conversion in the liver Body System Affected GI Example: Atorvastatin (Lipitor), simvastatin (Zocor) |
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Cholinergics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Activate secretory glands in eyes and GI tract; improve muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis Body System Affected Parasympathetic nervous system Example: Pilocarpine (Isopto), pyridostigmine (Mestinon) |
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Corticosteroids
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease inflammation; immunosuppressant Body System Affected Endocrine and immune Example: Prednisone, dexamethasone (Decadron) |
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Cough suppressants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease bronchial irritation causing cough Body System Affected CNS Example: Codeine, dextromethorphan |
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Digestants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Enhance digestion of food; may include supplemental pancreatic enzymes Body System Affected GI Example: Glutamine |
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Diuretics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Promote excretion of urine; manage fluid overload Body System Affected Renal Example: Mannitol (Osmitrol), furosemide (Lasix) |
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Fibrinolytics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Dissolve clots present in blood vessels or vascular access devices Body System Affected Hematologic Example: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), tenecteplase (TNKase) |
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Glucocorticoids
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Common Indications/Purpose
Replacement or maintenance therapy, treat systemic inflammation, numerous other uses Body System Affected Endocrine and immune Example: Hydrocortisone, beclomethasone (Beconase) |
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Glycoprotein llb/llla inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Deactivate proteins involved in platelet aggregation Body System Affected Hematologic Example: Tirofiban (Aggrastat), eptifibatide (integrillin) |
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Histamine-2 receptor antagonists
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Common Indications/Purpose
Block histamine receptors, including those responsible for gastric acid secretion Body System Affected GI and immune Example: Ranitidine (Zantac), famotidine (Pepcid) |
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Hormone replacement drugs
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Common Indications/Purpose
Replace hormones, improve bone density that has decreased due to aging and hormone loss Body System Affected Endocrine Example: Estrogen, progesterone |
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Immunomodulators
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Common Indications/Purpose
Inhibit or enhance functioning of the immune system Body System Affected Immune Example: Interferon, levamisole (Ergamisol) |
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Immunosuppressants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Prevent rejection of transplanted organs and tissues; treat rheumatoid arthritis Body System Affected Immune Example: Cyclosporine (Gengraf), tacrolimus (Prograf) |
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Insulin
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Common Indications/Purpose
Positive inotropic effects, allows cellular glucose uptake, treat hyperkalemia Body System Affected Endocrine Example: Insulin |
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Laxatives
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Common Indications/Purpose
Increase gastrointestinal motility Body System Affected GI Example: Bisacodyl (Dulcolax), docusate (Colace) |
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Mineralocoticoids
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Common Indications/Purpose
Promote sodium and water retention Body System Affected Endocrine and immune Example: Fludrocortisone (Florinef) |
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Mucolytics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Assist with elimination of mucous in the respiratory tract Body System Affected Pulmonary Example: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) |
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Mydriatics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Dilate pupils for ocular diagnostic and treatment procedures Body System Affected Ocular and parasympathetic nervous system Example: Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) |
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Narcotic analgesics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Relieve pain and relieve/suppress cough Body System Affected CNS Example: Morphine, oxycodone |
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Nasal decongestants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease upper airway mucous secretion Body System Affected Sympathetic nervous system Example: Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) |
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Neuromuscular blocking agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Provide chemical paralysis in intubated and ventilated patients Body System Affected Peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal Example: Succinylcholine (Anectine), rocuronium (Zemuron) |
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat pain and inflammation Body System Affected Endocrine Example: Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), ketoraloac (Toradol), indomethacin (Indocin) |
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Oral contraceptives
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Common Indications/Purpose
Prevent conception (pregnancy) Body System Affected Endocrine and genitourinary Example: Estrogen, progesterone |
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Oral hypoglycemic agents
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Common Indications/Purpose
Manage type 2 diabetes mellitus Body System Affected Endocrine Example: Glyburide (Diabeta), metformin (Glucophage), glipizide (Glucotrol) |
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Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat erectile dysfunction Body System Affected Cardiovascular Example: Sildenafil (Viagra) Tadalafil (Cialis) |
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Platelet inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease platelet aggregation in patients at risk of thrombus formation Body System Affected Hematologic Example: Aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix) |
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Protein pump inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Suppress activity of parietal cell acid secretion Body System Affected GI Example: Omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium) |
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat depression, anxiety, and related conditions Body System Affected CNS Example: Paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft) |
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Sympathomimetics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Increase BP, HR, and cardiac output; constrict blood vessels Body System Affected Cardiovascular Example: Epinephrine (Adrenalin), phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) |
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Tocolytics
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Common Indications/Purpose
Decrease/eliminate uterine contractions during preterm labor Body System Affected Endocrine and genitourinary Example: Magnesium sulfate |
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Tricyclic antidepressants
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Common Indications/Purpose
Treat depression, neuropath, and chronic pain syndromes Body System Affected CNS Example: Amitriptyline (Elavil), doxepin, desipramine (Norpramin) |
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Xanthines
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Common Indications/Purpose
Bronchodilation Body System Affected Respiratory Example: Theophylline (Uniphyl) |
