Pregnancy & Breast Feeding

Front 1

Definition of Teratogenecity

Back 1

Relating to or causing teratogenetic effects
Terato=monster
Gen= produce

Front 2

What does Teratogenecity produce?

Back 2

Produces abnormal fetus

Front 3

Examples of Teratogenecity

Back 3

Examples:
- German measles
- Thalidomide

Front 4

How to prove teratogenecity?

Back 4

Test are done on small animals that reproduce frequently

Front 5

FDA Grades of Medication/Supplements
"A"
Catigory?
Examples

Back 5

A = Safest; No risk to fetus
--> Ex. Thyroids, Vitamins, & Potassium

Front 6

FDA Grades of Medication/Supplements
"B"
Catigory?
Examples

Back 6

B = Animal Studies (AS) no risk to fetus or mom/ risk to fetus, but study on pregnant women no risk to fetus
--> Ex. Tylenol & NSAIDs

Front 7

FDA Grades of Medication/Supplements
"C"
Catigory?
Examples

Back 7

C = AS Adverse effects on fetus; no studies on humans; Benefits may outweigh risk.
--> Ex. Epinephrine

Front 8

FDA Grades of Medication/Supplements
"D"
Catigory?
Examples

Back 8

D = Postive fetal risk based on data; Benefits in serious situations may outweigh risk
--> Ex. Warfarin

Front 9

FDA Grades of Medication/Supplements
"X"
Catigory?
Examples

Back 9

X = NOT BE USED BY PREGNANT WOMEN
AS and Human studies demonstrate fetal abnormality and fetal risk; risk clearly outweighs benefits
--> Ex. Isotretinon, DES, PCP, Triazolam

Front 10

Effects of Drugs on Pregnant Woman

Back 10

1) Teratogenic

2) Near birth fetal risks

3) Long term effects???

Front 11

Timing of dental care for the pregnant woman

Back 11

-- First trimester: critical time for teratogenic event Exam, prophylaxis, No xrays

-- Second trimester: Best time for care, periodontal exam, MOST comfortable

-- Third trimester: Woman my be uncomfortable in chair; use comfort measures. Drugs that effect newborn are contraindicated.

Front 12

Drugs and Breastfeeding

Back 12

- Risk to Benefit Ratio
- Most drugs pass into the mother’s milk
- Exact amount of drug in milk may be difficult to detect
- Use resources to determine safety of drug and risk/benefit

Front 13

Dental Drugs & Pregnancy/Nursing
- List
- To use or Not to use

Back 13

1) Local Anesthetics (way risk / benefit)
2) Epinephrine (No)
3) Aspirin (No)
4) NSAIDs (No)
5) Acetominophen (Yes)
6) Opioids (No)
7) Antiinfectives (way risk/benefit)
8) Alcohol (No)
9) Anti-anxiety (way risk/benefit)