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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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when is a pregnancy test most accurate? sperm and egg after 6 days? after 10 days? when do most birth defects start? |
2-3 weeks after sex blastocyst embryo 6 to 8 weeks |
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what do these numbers represent GaPbcde |
a is the number of pregnancies b is the number of normal term delivery c is number of permature d is ectopic or aborted e is living children |
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what does pregnancy do to cardia output and GFR? how does pregnancy affect albumin and body fat? |
increases both, women might require higher doses since there is faster elimination decrease albumin which increase amount of free drug, increases fat and vd of fat soluble drugs |
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what is the cause of constipation in a pregnant person? what else can this cause? what causes the nausea and vomiting? |
increased progesterone heart burn and rhinitis human chorionic gonadotropin |
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when do teratogen cause structure abnormalities? decrease growth, cns affects or death? what drugs are least likely to cross placenta? |
18-60 days greater than 60 days high MW, lipophillic, highly protein boudn, strong ionization |
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what were the pregnancy categories replaced with? what was this change called? |
preg and lactation section with a risk summary, clinical considerations, data section...new section called female and male reproduction potential final rule, no affect on otc |
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when is the best time for a women to take her meds if breast feeding? |
after breastfeeding to reduce the chance of transfer
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what is the affect of warfarin use during pregnancy? what drugs should def be avoided in lactation? |
growth restriction, hemorrhage, skeletal and nervous system malformation amiodarone, benzo, isotret |
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what non pharm things can you suggest to a patient wanting to conceive? anything otc you can give? how much should you give after you are pregnant? |
control chronic conditons, diet, no smoking drugs or alcohol, vaccinations 400 ug folic acid in MVI 1 mg |
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what are some symptoms of the first trimester? second? third? |
spotting, missed menses, N/V, heartburn, constipation linea nigra, dry skin shortness of breath and backache |
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nonpharm therapy for n/v? drugs for n/v? first line second line what should you use if hyperemesis gravidarum? |
minimize triggers, small frequent meals, ginger b6 or pyridoxine and doxylamine, ginger diphenhydramine ondansetron |
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nonpharm therapy for constipation? drugs for constipation ? first line? second line? what about during lactation? |
high fiber diet psyllium senna could use senna again |
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non pharm therpay for hemorrhoids? drugs for hemorrhoids? |
fiber, increase fluids tucks |
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nonpharm for heartburn/gerd? drugs for heartburn? first line? second line? third line or first line in lactation? |
small freqent meals, elevate head tums ranitiidne sucralfate |
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first line in diabetes? second line? |
insulin glyburide |
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non pharm for depresion? drugs? first line second line? |
seasonal light therapy, psycthotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy ssri- sertaline, citaloprom, fluoxetine tca |
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nonpharm for headache/pain? can you use nsaids? First line for lactation? |
water aerobics tylenol/apap not during the 2nd or 3rd trimester. apap |
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what is pre eclampisa? what is eclampsia? first line drug for hypertension? second line? |
hypertneshion with proteinuria tonic clonic seizure mehtyldopa hydralazine or labetolol |
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nonpharm for congestion and cough?? first line drug? second line? when could you use this? |
fluids, saline, humidifieer oxymetazoline pseudoephedrine only during the 2nd and 3rd trimester |
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first line drug for allergic rhinitis? second line? |
budesonide loratidine |
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what antibiotic should you never use? what should you use for bacteruria? when is nitrofurantoin contra? |
quinolones amox, or cephalxein low crcl and g6pd defiency |
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what defines a preterm babY? what drug should be used during preterm labor? |
delivered prior to 37 weeks betamethasone for 2 doses to decrease risk of neonatal respiratory distress |
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what drug is used to pro long delivery? what class is this drug and what could this affect? |
terbutaline b2 agonist, can cause tachycardia, leading to cardiac dysfunction |
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what drug makes the cervix favorable for delivery? what drug can induce labor? |
misoprostol oxytocin |
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what are the second generation alpha blockers? third generation alpha blockers? |
prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, alfuzosin
tamsulosin, silodosin |
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what are the 5 alpha reductase inhibitors? what is the purpose of the prostate? |
finasteride and dutatseride secretion of fluid into semen to increase motility of sperm and to make vagina less acidic |
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what turn test into dht? what hormone affects the prostate more? what is happening to the prostate during bph? |
5 alpha reductase dht hyperplasia of stromal and epithelial cells of the prostate |
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what is the moa of the alpha 1 blockers? |
reversal of smooth muscle contraction in the prostatic capsule, urethra, bladder base and competitive antagonism of alpha 1 adrenoceptors only used for symptoms |
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what is the MOA of the 5 alpha reductase inhibitors? what is the difference between finasteride and dutasteride? |
competively inhbits 5 alpha reductase to prevent the conversion of test to dht fina inbhits type II isoform duta inhibits both type I and type II isoform |
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what supplements are used for bph? |
saw plametto, selenium, zinc, flax |
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does bph cause prostate cancer? how do the urinary symptoms in bph occur? |
no, there is no relation obstructed urine flow from bladder because urethra is obstructed because of an enlarged prostate and excessive contraction of the smooth muscle are the urethra and prostate, compounded by abnormal bladder contractions and spasms |
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what are some of the complications of BPH? |
uti, renal failure, hematuria, calculi |
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what can be used to diagnose bph? |
digital rectal exam, psa, post void residual volume |
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what are the goals of bph therapy? |
relive symptoms, decrease bladder outlet obstruction, improve bladder emptying, prevent renal damage |
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what nonpharm therapies are there for bph? counseling points? |
vegetables, execrcise, no smoking no fluids before bed, no alcohol or caffeine |
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what is treatment for bph if mild symptoms? what is treatment if size of prostate is less than 30? greater than 30? severe symptoms? |
watchful waiting alpha agonist 5 alspha reductase inhibitor or combo therapy surgery |
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when is the best time to use the 2nd generation alpha blocker? what are the benefits of the 3rd gen? whats the usual dose of tamsulosin? |
if bph and hypertenion are together they are selective 0.4-0.8 mg |
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what are some side effects of the alpha blockers? counseling point on silodosin? tamsoulsoni? alfuzosin? |
orthostatic hypotension, floppy iris syndrome retrograde ejaculation take 30 minutes after same meal each day do not crush chew or break |
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what alpha blocker is used for nightmares? how can you monitor the effectiveness of the 5 alpha reductase inhibitors? what is really unique about the 5 alpha reductase inhibitors? |
prazosin look for a decrease in psa pregnant pharmacist cannot touch it at all, man most use a condom to prevent transmission to baby |
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what 5 alpha reductase has a longer half life? what is a main difference between the alpha blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors? |
dutasteride, 5 week half life, alpha blockers give immediate relief alpha 1 blocker do not decrease psa or prostate size , 5 alpha reductase does decrease psa and prostate size |
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what is the moa of cialis for bph? what drug should you never combo this with? and why? |
smooth muscle relaxation in the bladder, urethra, and prostate alpha blockers...hypotension |
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what are teh antiandrogen therapies? what are the LH releasing hormone agonists? what are the common suregry options? |
bicalutamide and flutamide leuprolide and goserelin turp transurethral rescetion of the prostate tuip or transurethral incision of the prostate |
