Pre-Salon Hair Cutting (All)

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INFECTION

Back 1

THE INVASION OF BODY TISSUES BY DISEASE-CAUSING BACTERIA (PATHOGENIC BACTERIA) OR VIRUSES

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VIRUS

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A SUBMICROSCOPIC, PARASITIC PARTICLE THAT CAUSES DISEASE

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IMMUNITY

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THE BODY'S ABILITY TO FIGHT OR DEFEND AGAINST INFECTION AND DISEASE

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CONTAMINATION

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THE PRESCENCE OF UNCLEAN MATERIALS OR TOOLS LEFT ON A SURFACE

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DECONTAMINATION

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THE REMOVAL OF ANY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS ON TOOLS OR SURFACES BY FOLLOWING ALL SANITATION AND DISINFECTION GUIDELINES

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DECONTAMINATION METHOD 1 (DISINFECTING)

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CLEAN TOOLS WITH WARM, SOAPY WATER; BE SURE TO REMOVE VISIBLE DEBRIS.

NEXT, SUBMERGE TOOLS IN AN EPA-REGISTERED DISINFECTANT. ALWAYS FOLLOW MANUFACTURER'S DIRECTIONS FOR PROPER CONTACT TIME AND MIXING RATIOS. CONTACT TIME IS THE AMOUNT OF TIME THE DISINFECTANT MUST STAY MOIST ON A SURFACE INORDER FOR IT TO BE EFFICTIVE

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DECONTAMINATION METHOD 2 (STERILIZATION)

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CLEAN TOOLS WITH WARM, SOAPY WATER; BE SURE TO REMOVE VISIBLE DEBRIS. NEXT, PLACE TOOLS IN A HIGH-PRESSURE STEAM UNIT, CALLED AN AUTOCLAVE. STERILIZATION WILL DESTROY ALL MICROBIAL LIFE, INCLUDING SPORES

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ALLERGY

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AN IMMUNE RESPONSE OR REACTION TO SUBSTANCES THAT ARE USUALLY NOT HARMFUL

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EXPOSURE INCIDENT

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WHEN YOU COME IN CONTACT WITH BROKEN SKIN, BODY FLUID, BLOOK OR ANY OTHER POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS ITEMS WHILE AT WORK

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UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

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A SET OF GUIDELINES PUBLISHED BY OSHA THAT REQURE AN EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE TO ASSURE THAT ALL HUMAN BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS ARE BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

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ERGONOMICS

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THE APPLIED SCIENCE CONCERNED WITH DESIGNING AND ARRANGING THINGS THAT PEOPLE USE SO BOTH (PEOPLE AND THINGS) INTERACT MOST EFFICIENTLY AND SAFELY

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CONTAGIOUS/COMMUNICABLE

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INFECTIONS OR DISEASES CAN BE TRANSFERRED FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER BY CONTACT

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DISEASE

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BACTERIAL INVASION OF THE BODY THAT DISRUPTS A NORMAL FUNCTION OF HEALTH

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DISORDER

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ANY ABNORMALITY OF BODILY FUNCTION; SERVICES VAN BE PERFORMED WITH SPECIAL PRODUCT RECOMMENDATIONS

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BACTERIA

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ONE CELL MICROORGANISMS FOUND EVERYWHERE

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NON-PATHOGENIC

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BACTERIA THAT ARE NOT HARMFUL

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PATHOGENIC

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BACTERIA THAT ARE HARMFUL AND CAUSE DISEASE

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BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS

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INFECTIOUS PATHOGENIC MACROORGANISMS THAT ARE PRESENT IN HUMAN BLOOD OR BODILY FLUIDS AND CAN CAUSE DISEASE IN HUMANS; THESE PATHOGENS INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED, HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

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PEDICULOSIS CAPITIS

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CONDITION CAUSED BY THE INFESTATION OF HAIR AND SCALP CAUSED BY THE PARASITIC INSECT, HEAD LOUSE

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SCABIES

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A CONDITION CAUSED BY A MICROSCOPIC MITE, KNOWN AS THE ITCH MITE

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COCCI

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CIRCULAR-SHAPED BACTERIA THAT PRODUCE PUS AND CAN CAUSE STREP THROAT AND BLOOD POISONING

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STAPHYLOCOCCI

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BACTERIAL CELLS WHICH FORM IN CLUSTERS, LIKE GRAPES, ARE PUS FORMING CAUSING ABSCESSES, PUSTULES AND BOILS

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FURNICLE

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BOIL OR ABSCESS OF THE SKIN LOCATED IN THE HAIR FOLLICLE

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CARBUNCLE

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A LOCALIZED INFECTION CAUSED BY STAPHYLOCOCCI BACTERIA; SIMILAR TO A FURUNCLE BUT LARGER

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DIPLOCOCCI

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GROW IN PAIRS, ARE SPHERICAL-SHAPED, AND CAUSE PNEUMONIA

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STREPTOCOCCI

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BACTERIAL CELLS THAT GROW IN CURVED LINES SHAPED INTO CHAINS AND CAUSE ABSCESSES, PUSTULES AND BOILS

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BACILLI

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ROD-SHAPED, SPORE-PRODUCING BACTERIA

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SPIRILLA

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A SPIRAL-SHAPED OR CURVED BACTERIA

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TRICHOLOGY

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THE STUDY OF HAIR AND ITS DISEASES AND DISORDERS

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CUTICLE

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THE TOUGH, OUTHER PROTECTIVE COVERING OF THE HAIR

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HAIR FOLLICLE

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A TUBE-LIKE DEPRESSION IN THE POCKET IN THE SKIN THAT CONTAINS THE HAIR ROOT FROM WHICH THE HAIR WILL GROW

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HAIR BULB

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THE ROUNDED, CLUB-SHAPED PART OF HAIR LOCATED AT THE END OF THE HAIR ROOT

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DERMAL PAPILLAE

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A SMALL, CONE-SHAPED ELECATION AT THE BASE OF THE HAIR FOLLICLE FILLED WITH BLOOD VESSELS

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ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE

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A SMALL, INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE LOCATED ALONG THE SIDE OF THE HAIR FOLLICLE THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR 'GOOSE BUMPS'

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KERATINIZATION

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THE PROCESS OF CONVERTING LIVING SKIN CELLS INTO HARD PROTEINS

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KERATIN

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A STRONG, FIBROUS PROTEIN; THE BUILDING CLOCK FOR HAIR, SKIN, AND NAILS

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ANAGEN

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THE PERIOD OF ACTIVE GROWTH

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CATAGEN

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THE PERIOD OF BREAK DOWN AND CHANGE THE HAIR GROWTH

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TELOGEN

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RESTING PHASE OF HAIR GROWTH

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LANUGO HAIR

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THE SOFT WHITE, AND DOWNY HAIR FOUND ON THE BODY; USUALLY LACKING A MEDULLA

AKA: VELLUS HAIR

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TERMINAL HAIR

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PIGMENTED HAIR ON THE BODY

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PITYRIASIS

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DANDRUFF; DRY TYPE OF DANDRUFF CHARACTERIZED BY WHITE, LIGHTWEIGHT FLAKES THAT EITHER ATTACH TO THE SCALP IN CLUSTERS OR ARE SCATTERED LOOSELY WITHING HAIR AND EVENTUALLY FALL TO THE SHOULDERS

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PITYRIASIS STEATOIDES

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A SEVRE CASE OF DANDRUSS, DISTINGUISHED BY EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF WAXY OR FREASY SCALES THAT ACCUMULATE ON THE SCALP IN CRUSTS

AKA: SEBORRHEIE DERMATITIS

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TRICHOPTILOSIS

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WHEN HAIR ENDS ARE DRIED OUT AND DAMAGED BY OVEREXPOSURE TO HEATING TOOLS, WEATHER ELEMENTS AND/OR CHEMICAL SERVICES

AKA: SPLIT ENDS

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FRAGILITAS CRINIUM

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WHEN THE HAIR IS SUSCEPTIBLE TO BREAKAGE

AKA: BRITTLE HAIR

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TRICHORREHEXIS NODOSA

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HAS BULGES WELLING ALONG THE HAIR SHAFT; BRITTLENESS AND BREAKAGE CAN OCCUR AT THE NODE

AKA: KNOTTED HAIR

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MONILETHRIX

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CONDITION CAUSING BEADED HAIR. HAIR IS WEAK BEFORE EACH NODE AND EASILY BROKEN

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SURFACTANT

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A SURFACE ACTIVE AGENT OR WETTING AGENT THAT HAS THE ABILITY TO DISSOLVE IN WATER AND REMOVE DIRT FROM SURFACES, SUCH AS HAIR; THE INGREDIENT IN SHAMPOO THAT CAUSES LATHER

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GROWTH PATTERN

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THE DIRECTION THE HAIR GROWS FROM THE SCALP

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WHORL

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CIRCULAR GROWTH PATTERN; USE SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN CUTTING

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COWLICK

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A TUFT OF HAIR THAT STANDS UP WITH A STRONG DIRECTIONAL GROWTH PATTERN

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HAIR STREAM

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HAIR GROWING IN THE SAME DIRECTION; CREATES A NATURAL PART

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NATURAL DISTRIBUTION

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THE DIRECTION IN WHICH THE HAIR MOVES OR FALLS ON THE HEAD

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TEXTURE

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THE DIAMETER OR WIDTH, QUALITY, FEEL AND ARRANGEMENT OF INDIVIDUAL HAIR STRANDS WITHIN THE OVERALL HAIR STRUCTURE; TEXTURES ARE DESCRIBED AS FINE, MEDIUM AND CARSE

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COARSE TEXTURE

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HAIR HAS A LARGE DIAMETER OR WIDTH AND FEELS THICK

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MEDIUM TEXTURE

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HAIR HAS AN AVERAGE WIDTH AND THICKNESS

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FINE TEXTURE

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HAIR HAS A SMALL DIAMETER/ WIDTH THAT FEELS THIN

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DIAMETER

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THE THICKNESS OF A HAIR STRAND

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DENSITY

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THE NUMBER OF HAIR STRANDS PER QUEARE INCH ON THE SCALP

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ALOPECIA

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ABNORMAL HAIR LOSS

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ALOPECIA AREATA

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PATCHY LOSS OF HAIR OCCURRING ON THE SCALP OR OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY

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ALOPECIA TOTALIS

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SEVERE CASE OF ALOPECIA AREATA WHERE BALDING OCCURS OVER THE ENTIRE HEAD

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ALOPECIA UNIVERSALIS

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SEVERE CASE OF ALOPECIA AREATA WHERE BALDING OCCURS OVER THE ENTIRE BODY

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TRACTION ALOPECIA

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HAIR LOSS THROUGH REPETITIVE AND EXCESSIVE PULLING OR STRETCHING OF THE HAIR

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ANDROGENIC ALOPECIA

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MALE OR FEMALE PATTERN BALDNESS

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TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM

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PREMATURE OF SUDDEN HAIR LOSS

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POSTPARTUM ALOPECIA

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PERIOD OF TEMPORARY HAIR LOSS THAT TYPICALLY OCCURS AFTER CHILDBIRTH

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FUNGI

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MEMBERS OF A LARGE GROUP OF ORGANISMS THAT INCLUDE MICROORGANISMS, SUCH AS YEASTS, MOLDS, AND MILDEWS

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TINEA

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A CONTAGIOUS CONDITION CAUSED BY FUNGAL PARASITE

AKA: RINGWORM

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TINEA BARBAE

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A SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTION THAT COMMONLY AFFECTS THE SKIN

AKA: BARBER'S ITCH

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TINEA CAPITIS

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A FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE SKINAND SCALP, CHARACTERIZED BY RED PAPULES OR SPOTS AT THE OPENING OF THE HAIR FOLICLE

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TINEA FAVOSA

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A FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE SCALP, CHARACTERIZED BY A PINK SCALP WITH THICK, WHITISH-YELLO CRUSTS KNOW AS SCUTULA, WHICH TEND TO HAVE A SLIGHT ODOR

AKA: HONEYCOMB RINGWORM

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CRANIUM

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COVERS THE TOP AND SIDES OF THE HEAD AND CONSISTS OF SIX BONES

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PARIETAL BONE

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TWO BONES, ONE ON EACH SIDE OF THE HEAD, THAT FORM THE ENTIRE CROWN AND TOP SIDES

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OCCIPITAL BONE

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THE BONE THAT COVERS THE BACK OF THE HEAD AND SITS DIRECTLY ABOVE THE NAPE

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TEMPORAL BONE

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TWO BONES ARE ON EACH SIDE OF THE HEAD THAT FORMS THE LOWER SIDE OF THE HEAD

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FRONTAL BONE

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FORMS THE FOREHEAD; STARTS AT THE TOP OF THE EYES, EXTENDING TO THE BEGINNING CURVE OF THE HEAD

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EPICRANIUS

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THE BROAD MUSCLE FORMED BY THE JOINING OF THE FRONTALIS AND OCCIPITALIS

AKA: OCCIPITO-FRONTALIS

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OCCIPITALIS

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THE MUSCLE LOCATED IN THE NAPE OF THE NECK THAT DRAWS THE SCALP BACK

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EPICRANIAL APONEUROSIS

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A TENDON THAT CONNECTS THE OCCIPITALIS AND THE FRONTALIS

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FRONTALIS

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THE MUSCLE THAT ENCOMPASSES THE FOREHEAD AND EXTENDS INTO THE BEGINNING CURVE OF THE SCALP

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TEMPORALIS

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THE TEMPLE MUSCLE LOCATED ABOVE AND IN FRONT OF THE EAR THAT HELPS IN OPENING AND CLOSING OF THE MOUSTH AS IN CHEWIN

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PLATYSMA

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THE MUSCLE THAT EXTENDS FROM THE TIOP OF THE CHIN TO THE SHOULDER AND LOWERS THE JAW AND LIP

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STERNOCLEIDOMASTOIDEUS

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LONG MUSCLE THAT STRECHES FROM THE BACK OF THE EAR, ALONG THE SIDE OF THE MECK TO THE COLLAR BONE

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TRAPEZIUS

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FLAT, TRIANGULAR MUSCLES THAT RUN FROM THE UPPER BACK TO THE BACK OF THE NECK

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PALM-TO-PALM

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A HAIRCUTTING TECHNIQUE THAT POSITIONS THE PALMS OF YOUR HANDS FACING EACH OTHER; USING THE PALM-TO-PALM POSITIONWHEN CUTTING PREVENTS THE HAIR FROM BEING LIFTED UP OFF YOUR HAND AND THE HAIR FROM BEING PUSHED OUT THE FRONT OF THE SHEARS

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SECTION / SECTIONING

Back 87

DIVIDING AREAD OF HAIR THAT CAN BE MANAGED AND CONTROLLED

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APEX

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THE HIGHEST POINT OF THE HEAD

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INTERIOR

Back 89

THE INNER OF INTERNAL PART

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PARIETAL RIDGE

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LARGES CURVE OF THE HEAD; IT SEPARATES THE INTERIOR OF THE HEAD FROM THE EXTERIOR OF THE HEAD

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EXTERIOR

Back 91

THE OUTER OR EXTERNAL PART

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NAPE

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THE SECTION OF THE HEAD FROM THE OCCIPITAL BONE TO THE HAIRLINE

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LINE(S) OF HAIRCUTTING

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THE BASIC LINES USED IN HAIRCUTTING ARE STRAIGHT AND CURVED. THE THREE TY0ES ARE HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, AND DIAGONAL. EACH LINE REPRESENTS VARIOUS MOVEMENT AND DESIGN OPTIONS

AKA: EDGE OR DIVISION OF SHAPE

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VERTICAL LINES

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A LINE THAT EXTENDS STRAIGHT UP FROM THE FLOOR; OPPOSITE OF HORIZONTAL

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HORIZONTAL LINE

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A LINE PARALLEL TO THE FLOOR; OPPOSITE OF VERTICAL

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DIAGONAL LINES

Back 96

A SLANTING LINE BETWEEN HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL LINES

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WEIGHT LINE

Back 97

CONCENTRATION OF HAIR WITHIN AN AREA THAT GIVES THE APPEARANCE OF HEAVINESS AND DENSITY

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PARALLEL LINES

Back 98

CONSISTENTLY TRAVELING IN THE SAME DIRECTION AT AN EQUAL DISTANCE APART

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DISCONNECTED LINES

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NOT CONNECTED; INDEPENDENT LINES THAT NORMALLY DO NOT BLEND; HAVING A DEFINED CREAK IN THE DISGN

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ANGLE

Back 100

THE SPACE FORMED IN BETWEEN THE POINT WHERE TWO LINES JOIN; COMBINATION OF TWO STRAIGHT LINES JOINED TOGETHER, PRODUCINT VARIOUS EFFECTS AND QUALITITES

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GUIDELINE

Back 101

THE FIRST SECTION OF HAIR THAT IS CUT TO SERVE AS A GUIDE TO DETERMINE THE LENGHT AND/OR SHAPE

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STATIONARY GUIDE

Back 102

A FIXED GUIDELINE THAT DOES NOT MOVE

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TRAVELING GUIDE

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A GUIDELINE THAT MOVES AROUND OR PASSES FROM ON THE SECTION TO ANOTHER

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INTERIOR GUIDELINE

Back 104

A GUIDE THAT IS INSIDE THE HAIRCUT, NOT AROUND THE HAIRLINE OR PERIMETER; THIS WILL CREATE LESS WEIGHT AND MORE SOFTNESS TO THE PERIMETER

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SHIFTED DISTRIBUTION

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DIRECTING THE HAIR OUT OF ITS NATURAL FALL

AKA: OVERDIRECTED

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ELEVATION

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THE DEGREE OR ANGLE BY WHICH THE HAIR IS LIFTED AND COMBED IN RELATION TO THE HEAD

AKA: DEGREE OR PROJECTION

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0 DEGREE/ BLUNT HAIRCUT

Back 107

NO ELECATION CUTS. ALSO KNOWN AS ONE LENGHT, BOB, OR SOLID FORM HAIRCUT TECHNIQUE

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TENSION

Back 108

APPLICATION OF PRESSURE APPLIED WHILE COMBING AND HOLDING THE HAIR PRIOR TO CUTTING

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45 DEGREE/ GRADUATED HAIRCUT

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MEDIUM ELEVATION CUTS

AKA: WEDGE OR GRADUATED

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CROSS-CHECK

Back 110

PARTING THE HAIRCUT IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION FROM WHICH IT WAS CUT, TO CHECK FOR PRECISION OF THE LINE AND SHAPE

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180 DEGREE/ LONG-LAYERED HAIRCUT

Back 111

A HAIRCUT WITH INCREASED LONG LAYERS

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90 DEGREE/ UNIFORM HAIRCUT

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A UNIFORM ELECATION CUT AT 90 DEGREES THAT PROVIDES MOVEMENT

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COMBINATION HAIRCUT

Back 113

A HAIRCUT USING TWO OR MORE DEGREES

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TEXTURIZING

Back 114

TECHNIQUES THAT HELP TO BLEND LINES OR REMOVE EXCESS BULK WITHOUT CHANGING THE SHAPE OF THE CUT

Front 115

POINT CUTTING

Back 115

THE TEXTURIZING TECHNIQUE USING THE TIPS OF THE SHEARS TO CUT INTO THE ENDS OF THE HAIR TO CREATE MULTIPLE LENGHTS THAT WILL BLEND WITHIN THE HAIR ENDS

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NOTCH CUTTING

Back 116

A TEXTURIZING TECHNIQUE SIMILAR TO THE POINT CUTTING BUT THE CUTTING IS DONE TOWARD THE ENDS RATHER THAN INTO THEM, CREATING A CHUNKING EFFECT

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CHUNKING

Back 117

A TEXTURIZING TECHNIQUE THAT REMOVES LARGER SECTIONS OF HAIR; CHUNKING CREATES MOVEMENT IN A PERIMETER DESIGN LINE BY BREAKING UP THE WEIGHTED LINE

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SLITHERING

Back 118

A TEXTURIZING TECHNIQUE USING A SLIDING MOVEMENT DOWN THE HAIRSHAFT; USED TO REMOVE BULK AND ADD MOBILITY WITHING THE HAIRCUT OR FOR BLENDING AND FRAMING AREAS AROUND THE FACE

AKA: SLICING

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CARVING

Back 119

A CUTTING TECHNIQUE WHERE THE STILL BLADE IS PLACED INTO THE HAIR AND THE SHEARS ARE PARTIALLY OPENED AND CLOSED WHILE MOVING THROUGH THE HAIR

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BEVELING

Back 120

A TECHNIQUE THAT CREATES CURVED LINES IN A HAIRCUT BY CUTTING ENDS WITH A SLIGHT INCREASE OR DECREASE IN LENGHT

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TAPERING

Back 121

A CUTTING TECHNIQUE THAT BLENDS HAIR FROM A SHORTER LENGHT AT THE PERIMETER TO A LONGER LENGTH AS MOVED UP THE HEAD

AKA: FADING

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EDGING

Back 122

THE TECHNIQUE OF CUTTING AROUND THE HAIRLINE TO CREATE A CLEAN LINE OR A DESIGN WITHIN A HAIRCUT

AKA: OUTLINING OR ETCHING

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THE _____ ROOT CONSISTS OF FIVE MAIN STRUCTURES

Back 123

HAIR

Front 124

TYPES OF WATER

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HARD, SOFT, AND DEIONIZED