Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What does ablative surgery involve?
|
Removal of a diseased part
|
|
|
What does palliative surgery involve?
|
Procedures to reduce the intensity of a disease (pain, complications, etc.)
|
|
|
What is meant by the term, "procurement for transplant?"
|
Removal of an organ
|
|
|
Give examples of "major" surgery:
|
Coronary artery bypass
Colon resection |
|
|
Give an example of a "minor" surgery:
|
Cataract extraction
|
|
|
Give an example of an elective surgery:
|
Hernia repair
|
|
|
What characterizes an elective procedure?
|
The client chose to have the procedure
|
|
|
What characterizes an urgent procedure?
|
Necessary but not really an emergency
|
|
|
Give an example of an urgent surgery
|
Removal of gallbladder
|
|
|
What characterizes an emergency procedure?
|
Must be done now (life-threatening or risk of losing body function)
|
|
|
Give an example of an emergency procedure:
|
Repair of perforated appendix
|
|
|
Define anesthesia:
|
an induced state of partial of total loss of sensation, occurring with or without loss of consciousness
|
|
|
List the desired effects of anesthesia:
|
* block nerve impulse transmission
* suppress reflexes * promote muscle relaxation * achieve a controlled level of unconsciousness (in some cases) * slow body systems down (GI/GU, etc.) |
|
|
Most anesthesia drugs are metabolized where?
|
The liver
|
|
|
Which organ excretes anesthesia drugs?
|
The kidneys
|
|
|
Define "general anesthesia:"
|
A reversible loss of consciousness induced by inhibiting neuronal impulses in several areas of the CNS
|
|
|
List the four most important desired effects of anesthesia:
|
* analgesia
* amnesia * unconsciousness * loss of muscle tone / reflexes |
|
|
What are the four stages of general anesthesia?
|
1: analgesia & sedation (drowsy / dizzy / hearing exaggerated)
2: excitement, delirium (LOC/loss of eyelid reflex / irregular breathing / involuntary movements / vomiting may occur) 3: operative level (loss of reflexes/depressing of vital fctns./sensations are lost) 4: danger (resp. failure / cardiac arrest/possible death) |
|
|
Why do surgical patients often have fluid/electrolyte imbalance?
|
* Fluid volume deficit with blood loss
* Electrolyte abnormalities as well as fluid loss with drainage tubes * Hyperkalemia due to release of K from inside cells with trauma of surgery * Fluid changes related to stress response of surgery |
|
|
List an intervention for a nursing diagnosis of "risk for perioperative positioning injury:"
|
* Proper body positioning
|
|
|
List an intervention for the following nursing diagnosis: Risk for pressure ulcer formation
|
* Prevention of obstruction of circulation, respiration and nerve conduction
|
|
|
List the factors that influence an individual's response to surgery:
|
* Nutritional status
* Obesity * Pulmonary status * Coping mechanisms * History of chronic illness * Medications * Sociocultural background * Health beliefs/practices |
|
|
A malnourished patient has a greater risk of what surgical complications?
|
* Poor wound healing
* Reduced energy stores * Infection |
|
|
An obese patient has a greater risk for what surgical complications?
|
* Decreased ventilatory and cardiac function
* Poor wound healing due to structure of fatty tissue (poor blood supply) * Greater chance of evisceration from incision |
|
|
Why does smoking increase the risk for pulmonary problems associated with surgery?
|
* Cilia of mucous membranes absent or hypoactive
* Lining of airways may be hypertrophied * Alveoli are less compliant |
|
|
List some chronic illnesses which can cause poor recovery from surgery:
|
* Diabetes
* Heart disease * Liver disease * Renal disease |
|
|
List some respiratory complications that can occur post-op:
|
* Atelectasis
* Pneumonia * Hypoxemia * Pulmonary embolism |
|
|
List some GI complications that can occur post-op:
|
* Abdominal distention
* Paralytic ileus * Nausea / vomiting * Urinary retention * UTI |
|
|
How often should NG tube drainage be assessed post-op?
|
Every 8 hours
|
|
|
True or False: the nurse can irrigate the NG tube after gastric surgery without an order from the physician.
|
False
|
